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y8 t2 > ICT > Flashcards

ICT Flashcards

1
Q

Network

A

2 or more computers connected together to communicate

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2
Q

Topology

A

The layout of the network and the physical arrangement of components

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3
Q

Bluetooth

A

A method of wireless data transmission

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4
Q

Internet

A

A global collection of networks connecting computers and other hardware together to provide the infrastructure needed to access the WWW

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5
Q

How many purposes can a network might have?

A

2 - single and multiple purpose

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6
Q

Personal area network (PAN)

A

A small network set up for a specific purpose

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7
Q

Local area network (LAN)

A

A network over a small geographical area using personally owned or business-owned hardware

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8
Q

Wide area network (WAN)

A

A network that connects computers and LANs over a large geographic area using cables, fibre optics or satellites and can span cities countries and even across the globe

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9
Q

Password

A

A series of characters are needed to gain access to a system and they should be complex. This usually means they:
- are more than 8 characters long
- include numbers
- include capital and lowercase letters
- include other symbols

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10
Q

World wide web (WWW)

A

The websites that can be accessed over the internet

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11
Q

What is MAN?

A

Metropolitan (2 cities) area network

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12
Q

An example of a PAN

A

Connecting a phone to a speaker, a connection between a laptop and printer

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13
Q

An example of a WAN

A

A nationwide bank

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14
Q

What are the 5 types of networks?

A

PAN, LAN, WAN, MAN and the internet

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15
Q

Components

A

The hardware devices that make up a system

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16
Q

Node

A

a device on a network (the computers that are connected to the network and all devices that are used to connect the computers in a network)

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17
Q

Cable

A

a physical connection between devices

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18
Q

What are the 2 types of cables?

A

Copper cables and fibre optic

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19
Q

Copper cable

A

a cable connection that can either be UTP or STP and data is transferred as electricity

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20
Q

Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

A

2 copper cables twisted together without any shielding

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21
Q

Shielded twisted pair (STP)

A

2 copper cables twisted together with shielding to reduce interference

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22
Q

Ethernet

A

A specific type of copper cable used in a network

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23
Q

What does the ethernet plug into?

A

A jack

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24
Q

Jack

A

A component an ethernet cable plugs into. Inside it is the NIC

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25
Q

Name 5 types of topology

A

Point-to-point, ring,star,bus,mesh

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26
Q

Fibre optic

A

A cable connection that transfers data as light and is faster than copper cables because it has a higher bandwidth

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27
Q

Bandwidth

A

The maximum amount of traffic that can be sent down a transmission media (a physical pathway) e.g. cable

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28
Q

Hub

A

A component that connects computers together. It send the data it receives to all devices connected. Since it wastes bandwidth, it is not considered as a smart device

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29
Q

Switch

A

A component that connects computers together and learns the identity of computers connected to it

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30
Q

Router

A

A component that connects computers and networks together and might have a modem inside it

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31
Q

Modem

A

Allows you to connect to the internet using telephone lines by converting sound waves from the telephone line into digital data that the computer understands

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32
Q

What does modem stand for?

A

Modulator-demodulator

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33
Q

Network interface card (NIC)

A

A component a computer that allows a cable to be plugged into it physically. It is built into devices.

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34
Q

Wireless

A

Sending data without cables, e.g. radio waves

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35
Q

Wireless access point (WAP)

A

A component that sends and receives data wirelessly. This is in hub, switches and routers

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36
Q

Wireless network interface card (WNIC)

A

A component in a computer that sends and receives data wirelessly

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37
Q

Server

A

A powerful central computer e.g. file,printer,email

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38
Q

File server

A

A computer that stores files (data) for other computers in the network to access

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39
Q

Print server

A

A computer that messages a printer. The data goes in the server then the server decides which order to print the documents

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40
Q

Email server

A

A computer that stores emails used to access in a business. If you want to read your emails you have to connect to the server

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41
Q

When do we need and not need a server?

A

A small network (LAN) shouldn’t need a server while a large organisation needs one to store all thier files etc

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42
Q

Why does a small network not need a server?

A
  • Each computer can store its own data
  • it’s expensive
  • A hardware expert needs to maintain it
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43
Q

When do we use wires?

A
  • When the devices has a NIC e.g. desktop computer
  • when we need a high and faster bandwidth
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44
Q

When do we use wireless?

A
  • When the devices have/use a WNIC e.g.phone
  • when we have a small no. of devices in the network
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45
Q

When do we use wired and wireless?

A
  • When some devices in the network have a NIC or WNIC
46
Q

What do we need if we need access to the internet?

A

We need a modem

47
Q

What do we need if we need access to another network?

A

A router

48
Q

When do we use a hub?

A
  • When we have a small no. of devices
  • When it’s a small network
49
Q

When do we need a switch?

A
  • When we have a medium sized network
  • when we need something more efficient than a hub
50
Q

When do we need a router?

A
  • When we have a large no. of devices
  • When we need to connect to another network
51
Q

Network diagram

A

It shows all the components that you need in the network and it shows the cables that connect computers and the components that these connect to

52
Q

What are the 4 questions you need to ask to make a network diagram?

A
  • Do we need a server?
  • Do we need wires, wireless or mixed?
  • Do you need access to the internet and/or another network?
  • What will the computers connect to?
53
Q

Updating

A

Installing a new feature or fix for a fault, to a piece of software you already have

54
Q

Upgrading

A

Installing a completely new version of a piece of software

55
Q

Access rights

A

Limiting or allowing users to perform certain actions

56
Q

Hardware management

A

Looking after the hardware that makes up the network. This includes:
- setting up new devices
- Repairing devices
- Replacing devices

57
Q

Software management

A

Looking after the software that runs the network. This includes:
- Installing software on the computers that connect to the network
- Installing software on the server
- Updating the software
- Upgrading the software

58
Q

User management

A

When networks have user accounts that people have to log into. This includes:
- Creating new accounts
- Managing each user’s area on the server
- giving specific access rights to individual users

59
Q

Hacker

A

A person who tries to gain unauthorised access to a system

60
Q

Give examples of data that hackers could get access to.

A
  • Personal information
  • Private images or copyrighted material
  • Financial details
  • Confidential plans
61
Q

What can unauthorised data be used to?

A
  • Steal someone’s identity
  • Steal money using financial records
  • Claim that private images or copyrighted material that belong to someone else
  • Use confidential plans to steal and sell ideas
62
Q

Firewall

A

Hardware or software that prevents unauthorized transmissions. It watches the signals coming into and out of the network

63
Q

Anti-malware

A

Software that detects malware and deletes it. When it’s installed it checks the files for malware and then either deletes it or put it into quarantine

64
Q

Malware

A

A piece of software that is on your computer without your knowledge. It might delete your data or record what you are doing

65
Q

Virus checker

A

An example of anti-malware that looks for and removes viruses

66
Q

Encrytion

A

Data is jumbled using a key so it can’t be understood. Without the key it’s meaningless

67
Q

Back up

A

making a copy of data somewhere else in case the original is lost or if someone gains access to the network

68
Q

Star topology

A

A network where all computers connect to a central component

69
Q

Mesh topology

A

A network where all computers connect to each other

70
Q

Bus topology

A

A network where all computers connect to a central cable

71
Q

Website

A

A collection of webpages

72
Q

Audience

A

The people that will look at the webpage

73
Q

Purpose

A

the reason the webpage is created

74
Q

Webpage

A

A single page in a website

75
Q

HTML

A

The language used to create webpages

76
Q

Source code

A

The HTML code that is written to create a webpage

77
Q

What software do we use to create websites?

A

Notepad

78
Q

What is the basic structure of a webpage?

A

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

79
Q

Tag

A

A piece of code that is used to add content and styling to your webpage

80
Q

Opening tag

A

The tag that goes at the start of the content

81
Q

Closing tag

A

The tag that goes at the end of the content

82
Q

What does <!DOCTYPE html> do?

A

It tells the software that you are creating a HTML document

83
Q

How do you add a title to a wepbage?

A

You write <title>.....</title> in the head section

84
Q

What does <html> do?

A

It tells the software where the webpage starts

85
Q

How do you save a document as a webpage?

A

Clickon save as and add ‘‘.html’’ to the ending of the file name

86
Q

Default setting

A

The settings that are initially applied to an element

87
Q

What does </html> do?

A

It tells the software where the webpage ends

88
Q

Formatting

A

changing the style of a webpage

89
Q

What are the 2 types of texts in the body section?

A

Heading text (H1 and H2)and paragraph text (p)

90
Q

What is <h1> used for?

A

To add a title to your webpage

91
Q

What is <h2> used for?

A

To add a subtitle to your webpage

92
Q

What is <p> used for?

A

To add all other text to your webpage

93
Q

Navigation

A

This is what is used to move to the different webpages of a website

94
Q

Hyperlinks

A

Links that can be clicked to navigate a website

95
Q

Attribute

A

This is a characteristic of an element that is added to the webpage

96
Q

Anchor

A

The text that is used and clicked for a link

97
Q

What does the ‘href’ attribute do?

A

It tells the software where you want to link to

98
Q

How do you make a hyperlink in a website?

A

By adding <a href=’‘webpage.html’‘>link text> </a>

99
Q

Image quality

A

How good the image looks

100
Q

What does img src mean?

A

Image source

101
Q

Image size

A

The height and width measurements of an image

102
Q

Pixel

A

A tiny dot and lots of them make up an image

103
Q

Supported fonts

A

The fonts that can be displayed by all web browsers

104
Q

What are the most commonly supported fonts in Notepad?

A
  • Arial
  • Bookman old style
  • Courier
  • Garamond
  • Georgia
  • Helvetica
  • Times new roman
  • Verdana
105
Q

Alignment

A

Where the content is placed on the webpage (left, right or center)

106
Q

How do we insert an image in a webpage?

A

We write <img></img>

107
Q

How do we change the size of an image in a webpage?

A

By changing the width and height
(width=”…” Height=”…”)

108
Q

Domain name

A

The name used to identify an IP address

109
Q

IP address

A

A unique address given to a device when it connects to the internet

110
Q

Domain name server

A

A directory or database of all the domain names and their matching IP address

111
Q

Ethical behaviour

A

Behaving in a way that shows moral principles

y8 t2 (8 decks)

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