Bio

Question 1

Blood vessels

Answer 1

A tube that carries blood around the body

Question 2

Oxygenated blood

Answer 2

Blood that has been to the lungs and picked up oxygen, so it has a lot of oxygen and very little carbon dioxide and is bright red

Question 3

Deoxygenated blood

Answer 3

Blood that has been around the body and given up its oxygen to the body cells so it has a lot of carbon dioxide and very little oxygen and it’s a blueish-red

Question 4

The circulatory system

Answer 4

Transport oxygen to all the body parts

Question 5

Name all the parts of the heart

Answer 5

Arteries, veins, left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, values

Question 6

Why is the left side of the heart on our right and vice-versa?

Answer 6

Because the person is facing you

Question 7

How does the heart work?

Answer 7

It is a muscle that contracts and relaxes. When it contracts it gets smaller, squeezes inwards, and pushes blood out of the heart.
When it relaxes, it gets longer and pushes blood into the heart

Question 8

What are the 4 parts of the blood?

Answer 8

Plasma, platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells

Question 9

Plasma

Answer 9

• Is a pale yellow liquid
• Transports dissolves substances (e.g. sugar) throughout the body

Question 10

Platelets

Answer 10

• little fragments of cells
• helps the blood to clot and seal wounds

Question 11

Red blood cells

Answer 11

• small cells
• contain a red pigment called haemoglobin
• when it combines with oxygen it turns into oxyhemoglobin that gets set to all the body parts. It’s a bright red
• without oxygen, it is a dull blueish-red

Question 12

White blood cells

Answer 12

• has a nucleus
• 5 types
• some of them have finger structure that captures the bacterium and produces enzymes that kill the bacterium (neutrophils)
• some of them produce special molecules (antibodies) that attach to the bacteria

Question 13

Describe one way red blood cells differ from white blood cells.

Answer 13

They have haemoglobin

Question 14

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

Answer 14

Arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 15

Arteries

Answer 15

• They have very thick, elastic walls
• They need to be strong to withstand the strong forces as the heart pumps
• carry blood away from the heart

Question 16

Veins

Answer 16

• They have thin walls and the space inside is larger
• They don’t need thick walls because it doesn’t need a strong force to enter the heart
• They have valves
• they carry blood into the heart

Question 17

What is produced as a waste product in the respiratory system?

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide

Question 18

Capillaries

Answer 18

• They are very tiny but big enough to let red blood cells pass through
• They are made of one layer of cells
• They connect the veins and arteries
• They supply cells with things that they need and take away their waste products

Question 19

Valves

Answer 19

Make sure the blood flows in one direction only

Question 20

Respiration

Answer 20

A chemical reaction that happens inside every living cell in which energy is released from glucose so that the cell can use it

Question 21

What artery carries deoxygenated blood?

Answer 21

Pulmonary artery

Question 22

Respiratory system

Answer 22

The organs that help oxygen to get into the body and remove carbon dioxide from the body

Question 23

Name all the parts in the respiratory system

Answer 23

Nose, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm, the muscle between the ribs

Question 24

What % of the air is oxygen and what percent is carbon dioxide?

Answer 24

Oxygen- 20%
Carbon dioxide- 0.04%

Question 25

How does inhalation work?

Answer 25

When we breathe in, air flows through our trachea, the 2 bronchi and the lungs then the blood carries the oxygen to all the body parts

Question 26

Breathing

Answer 26

A process to get in oxygen and to get out carbon dioxide by moving muscles

Question 27

What happens during inhalation?

Answer 27

• the chest gets bigger
• the diaphragm moves down
• the ribs move upwards

Question 28

What happens during exhalation?

Answer 28

• the chest gets smaller
• the diaphragm moves up
• the ribs move downwards

Question 29

Alveoli/air sacs

Answer 29

a tiny air-filled space inside the lungs

Question 30

How does gas exchange happen?

Answer 30

When the deoxygenated blood goes into the capillary, it meets the air sac which has oxygenated blood. Oxygen diffuses into the blood capillary and the red blood cells and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood inside the capillary into the air sac

Question 31

How does oxygen diffuses from an air sac into the blood?

Answer 31

Oxygen particles are constantly in motion and they move about randomly bumping into each other and sometimes bounce off the wall of the air sac and capillary and eventually travel through the other side