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NRSG 220 > good chapter 14 and 15 > Flashcards

good chapter 14 and 15 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a chronotropic effect

A

Something that increases your heart rate

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2
Q

what is an inotropic effect

A

something that increases the strength of the hearts contraction

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3
Q

what is the antidote for anticholinergic syndrome*

A

physostigmine

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4
Q

what kind of drug is atropine*

A

The prototype anticholinergic

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5
Q

what kind of drug is belladonna*

A

It is a common anticholinergic

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action for muscarinic antagonists

A

they block AcH binding sites in the target organs to reduce the effects of the PSNS

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of action for Nicotinic agonists

A

Work by blocking the nerve impulse transmission at the autonomic ganglia to suppress the PSNS

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8
Q

what are the two types of nicotinic agonists

A

Ganglionic blockers
Neuromuscular blocker

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9
Q

What is the primary use of ganglionic blockers

A

The primary use is vasodilation to lower blood pressure

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10
Q

What are the two types of Neuromuscular blockers

A

Depolarizing
non-depolarizing

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11
Q

What do depolarizing neuromuscular blockers do

A

The produce muscle paralysis during short medical procedures

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12
Q

what do non depolarizing neuromuscular blockers do

A

produce muscle paralysis during longer surgical procedures

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13
Q

what kind of medication is Succinylcholine *

A

It is a DEpolarizing neuromuscular blocker

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14
Q

what kind of medication is tubocurarine*

A

it is a NON-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

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15
Q

Do neuromuscular blockers produce any analgesic effect *

A

NO they have to be given with pain killers so pt’s don’t feel the whole procedure

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16
Q

What do Alpha 1 receptors do

A

they stimulate SNS activity

17
Q

what are common uses for alpha 1 agonists

A

(think Stimulation of SNS)
mainly used for hypotension (increased vasoconstriction)
Dilation of pupil
Reduce congestion (shrinks blood vessels in nasal mucosa and opens airways)

18
Q

what do alpha 2 receptors do when they are stimulated

A

the decreases SNS activity

19
Q

What is a common use for alpha 2 agonists

A

used to treat HTN (because they decrease SNS activity)

20
Q

do alpha 2 agonists act on the CNS or PNS

A

they act on the CNS

21
Q

What do Beta 1 receptors do when they are stimulated

A

they increase the heart rate when stimulated

22
Q

what do Beta 2 receptors do when they are stimulated

A

they increase bronchodilation

23
Q

what conditions are beta 2 agonists used for

A

used for COPD and asthma since they open the airways

24
Q

what are the adverse effects of anticholinergics

A

A- Agitation (due to increased HR and BP)
B- Blurred vision (due to dilated pupils)
C- Constipation/Confusion (due to block of rest and digest)
D- Dry mouth
S- Stops urination/sweating
***DRY AS A DESERT

25
Q

what kind of medication is isoproterenol

A

Non selective beta agonist (so stims both beta 1 and beta 2)

26
Q

What are contraindications of Alpha 1 agonists

A

-pre existing bradycardia (heart won’t be able to keep up)
-Hyperthyroidism (because A1 agonists stimulate the release of more thyroid hormone)
-Diabetes

27
Q

what kind of medication is Phenylephrine*

A

It is the prototype Alpha 1 agonist

28
Q

What drug is used to treat alpha 1 agonist overdose*

A

phentolamine

29
Q

what are catecholamines

A

neurohormones that stimulate the SNS response ie dopamine epinephrine

30
Q

what route should catecholamines not be administered by and why *

A

should not be administered PO since they are destroyed by the COMT enzyme in the digestive tract

31
Q

What kind of medication is Epinephrine

A

NON selective adrenergic agonist (so stims all adrenergic receptors ie Alpha 1 and 2 and beta 1 and 2)

32
Q

what conditions is epinephrine used to treat

A

Shock and anaphylaxis

33
Q

why might epinephrine be contraindicated in a diabetic

A

since it can stimulate glucose release from the liver and cause hyperglycemia

NRSG 220 (17 decks)

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