Public Outreach

Question 1

What is the main assumption / narrative about public outreach throughout the LAREexam?

Answer 1

public outreach and public engagement is vital component of the design process the confers many benefits to a design

Question 2

In general what are the main goals of public participation in the design process

Answer 2

to actively involve peeps in design

provide platforms for input and decision making

facilitate dialogue between public and private interests

provide transparency in decision making

Question 3

What must an LA clarify to guide the public outreach process?

Answer 3

Goals and objectives for public outreach

Question 4

What are the seven steps defined by Steiner and butler for planning and executing public outreach. i, i, o, m,s, d, e

Answer 4

1. ID the stakeholders
2. involvement - where in the processs participants should be involved
3. objectives- communicate the participation objectives to all participants
4. methods - ID the methods and resources necessary to accomplish the objectives
5. selection - select appropriate methods to achieve each perspective
6. do it - initiate participation activity
7. evaluate - methods and activists to determine if. they achieved desired outreach goals and objectives

Question 5

Sustainable Sites handbook states that participation can be facilitated through ____

such as ______

Answer 5

group activists

such as

developing project goals

determining performance targets

integrating input of team members and public

diagramming the overall design process

creating feedback loops at each design phase

providing buffer in the proejct scheduel

Question 6

What are the core benefit of public participation

Answer 6

engaging stakeholders

creating mutual respect

creating forum for meaningful discussion

emrabcing diveristy of viewpoints

sharing info

incorporating public feedback

save time and money through mitigated conflict

Question 7

How are proejct stakeholders ID’d / what commonly determines that a group is a probject stakeholder

Answer 7

they are directly impacted by and issue or proj

they have jurisdiction over something relevant to the project

possess special knowledge related to the project

direct rep or or connected to influential social or community networks

Question 8

The criteria by which stakeholders are selected differs from the selection process.

what are strategies by which stakeholders are selcted

Answer 8

convener picked - the entity organizing public outreach selects the stakeholders

selection committee - committee established to select, more for complex or politically sensitive projects

self nomination - invitations sent out and interested folks attend events

snowball - entail bringing together initial group - invite them to ID additional stakeholders, as more people come, more stakeholders are ID’d andivnited

Question 9

What are outreach surveys used for

Answer 9

used to collect data from a representative cross section of citizens and extrapolate data to draw conclusion on larger popoualtion

Question 10

What is a sample size and how it is determined

how is it calculated?

Answer 10

sample size is required size for statistically sig data to be calculated from results

sample size / anticipated response rate - total surveys to be distributed

i.e sample size of 1000 is required and response rate is 20%: 1000/.2 = 5000 required surveys to be sent out

Question 11

What two components are surveys generally comprised of?

Answer 11

questionnaire and interviews

Question 12

Questionairre sand interviews work best when…

Answer 12

they are preceded by a pre-notification

contain clear non technical language

have well delineated purpose stated in the intro

are concise and make use of graphics as needed

are not overly difficult or time consuming

Question 13

What is needs assessment and when is it typically performed?

Answer 13

typically used for master or comprehensive plan prior to design

used to determine what a specific population believes they are lacking (or what assets they believe exist)

Question 14

what are the typical components \ steps of a needs assessment

Answer 14

ID target population for the study

determine survey techniques

develop content for public meeting and surveys

collect data through meetings and surveys

interpret data, summarize and communicate findings

Question 15

How may data for a needs assessment be collected?

how is it used?

Answer 15

site visit

quantitative techniques such as mapping and calculations to determine level of service (frequency of a specific amenity per 1000 inhabitants)

needs asses data is used to establish comparative e relationship between existing conditions and idea circumstances

assessments are most useful when the findings are TRULY representative of public sentiment and there is support for the actions and conclusions outlined in the assessment

Question 16

What is a post occupancy evaluations? use for what?

Answer 16

used to determine if the built design meets the needs of the owner and site users.

can be used for future improvements and providing data and conclusions for design guidlines

Question 17

What is community visioning?

Answer 17

a broad planning activity in which a community delvoepe shared concept for their future and determine show this concept will be achieved

Question 18

According to planning and urban design standards visioning SHOULD accommodate / promote / reflect what outcomes for the COMMUNITY involved

Answer 18

reflect core community values

draw front eh whole of the community

address emerging issues or trends

promote local action

envision a preferred future

Question 19

Community visioning can be can be enacted through what 4 primary activity formats TSFW

How is the appropriateness and use of each determined within the desing process

Answer 19

task forces

surveys

focus groups

workshops

Appropriate selection of which activity is used during whichp phase of the design process is determined by their relevanc to the goals, the specific time point in the project (capture diverse views or gather in-depth specific feedback).

Question 20

What is a focus group? What are they good for?

how do they benefit the design process?

Answer 20

a focus group brings together 7 - 10 people in eco for to determine their opinions on subject. may b e public or experts

when led by facillliator - they a good way to collect qualitative forms of data such as feelings, how they experience a site, or what people value

feedback will improve planning and design of new programs, introduce new ideas to the desing team, and inform evaluation of exisitng programs

Question 21

Successful focus groups will include the following elemtns

Answer 21

invitations to focus group participants

transportation to the meeting site

audio and video recording equipment

facials or with scott and core themes

presentation and visual aids

refreshments

release forms

transpript of group discusion

Question 22

What is a charrette?

at what point in the desing phase are they useful?

Answer 22

design charrette or workshop is an intense period of a design activity in which design team works with stakeholders to develop elemtns of a plan.

relevant to project as it transitions from analysis to to concept design

Question 23

What is the defining character of a charrette process? what happens after?

Answer 23

iterative process in which groups produce ideas

following the charrette the desing team may present preferred plan alternatives and present the refined designs / more focused options to the stakeholders during a follow up charettte

the process is repeated as necessary

Question 24

Charettes work best when they are:

Answer 24

genuinely collaborative

consider holistic solutions

inter discipline - feedback and perspective

short periods - sessions

consider the proejct across multiple scales and levels of detail

produce feasible plans and actionable feedback

take place on or near the proejct site

Question 25

What are the forms a public meeting can take?

Answer 25

informational meetings - used to disseminate info with limited opportunity for feedback

public hearings - a type of info meeting - follow specific rules and procedures defined by law. typ convened by a planning an development review committee

advisory meetings - begin with presentation and are followed by extended period of open but structured dialogue

workshops - facilitator led events . emphasize dialogue among relatively small groups

open house - characterized by flexible schedule and long hours of duration. unstructured relatively informal

problem solving meetings - uncommon - used to present technical information and the moderate discussion - request that the public formation a recommendation that will directly nflicence decisions making

Question 26

What should designers be aware of when presenting to the public

Answer 26

technical drawings are hard to understand

photographs and renderings are the most appropriate communication visuals

technical and specialist language should be avoided

ensure that graphics and visual aids are written clearly and legible to all audienc members

choose best presentation format to fit your objectives

Question 27

What five factors should be considered when communicating project information

Answer 27

Message - what is it? how will it be recieved by the audience?

Medium - correct type of graphic to maintain clarity

audience - project graphics need to help orient the intended audience . ensure the what and how is conveyed. prioritizes the most important info

setting - where are you presenting,

time - amount of time available determines what graphics are appropratie