Osteoarthritis lecture notes Flashcards
Osteoarthritis is an age-related, dynamic reaction pattern of a joint in response to..
insult or injury
All tissues of the joint are involved with the a_____ c_____ being most affected
articular cartilage
The main pathological features are loss of cartilage and…
disordered bone repair
Risk factors for osteoarthritis
Age
Female
Post menopause
Genetic predisposition
Obesity (not thought to be due to mechanical factors but result of metabolism and inflammation)
Occupation
Local trauma
Inflammatory arthritis
Joint hypermobility
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Pain
Functional impairment: walking and daily activities
Signs of osteoarthritis
Alteration in gait
Joint swelling (bony enlargement, cool effusion)
Limited range of movement
Crepitus (clicking)
Tenderness
Deformities
**Radiological features
JOSSA
Joint space narrowing
Osteophyte formation
Subchondral sclerosis
Subchondral cysts
Abnormalities of bone contour
_______ nodes at DIP joints
and _______ nodes at PIP joints
Heberden’s
Bouchard’s
Erosive osteoarthritis
Bone becoming resorbed. More like rheumatoid arthritis. If involvement with digital interphalangeal joints then not RA.
DMARD therapy in addition to standard management often used
What is non-medical management for OA?
Patient education
Activity and exercise
Weight loss
Physio
Occupational therapy
Biomechanical footwear
Orthoses
Walking aids
Pharmacological management
Topical NSAIDS
Capsaicin
Oral:
paracetamol
NSAIDs
Opioids
Transdermal patches:
Buprenorphine
Lignocaine
Intra-articular steroid injections
Alternative therapies
Lucosamine
Chondroitin
Nettle extract
Turmeric
Capsaicin cream
Chines herbal medicine
Surgical management
Arthroscopy - only for loose bodies
Osteotomy
Arthroplasty
Fusion (usually ankle and foot)
