Antiphospholipid syndrome

Question 1

Antiphospholipid syndrome is an a_____ disorder caused by antiphospholipid a_____

Answer 1

autoimmune
antibodies

Question 2

Antiphospholipid antibodies targets the proteins that bind to phospholipids on the cell surface causing inflammation and increasing the risk of…

Answer 2

thrombosis

Question 3

Antiphospholipid syndrome can occur in isolation or with another autoimmune conditions, particularly…

Answer 3

SLE

Question 4

Antiphospholipid antibodies can activate the endothelial cells which line blood vessels and the complement system which both contribute to a p______ state

Answer 4

procoagulant

Question 5

What are symptoms of antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 5

Clots
Livedo reticularis (purple discolouration of skin, lace-like)
Miscarriages
Thrombocytopenia (platelet deficiency)

Question 6

There is an increased risk of s____, __ and ___

Answer 6

stroke, MI and DVT

Question 7

Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome is a rare complication. What does it involve?

Answer 7

Rapid thrombosis in multiple organs within a few days

Question 8

What are the 3 specific antiphospholipid antibodies called?

Answer 8

Lupus anticoagulant
Anticardiolipin antibodies
Anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies

Question 9

How do you diagnose antiphospholipid syndrome?

Answer 9

Symptoms + presence of the 3 antibodies

(lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, anti-beta-2 glycoprotein I antibodies

Question 10

How do you treat antiphospholipid syndrome if a thrombosis has occurred?

Answer 10

Warfarin

Question 11

How do you treat antiphospholipid syndrome if a thrombosis has not occurred yet?

Answer 11

Prophylactic aspirin

Question 12

What would you give a pregnant lady instead of wafarin?

Answer 12

Aspirin and heparin (LMWH)