Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology 2 > Biologics, Mabs, & Gout > Flashcards

Biologics, Mabs, & Gout Flashcards

10 questions

1
Q

older, small molecule drugs

A

DMARDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

larger molecular weight drugs of biologic origin with recombinant DNA technology

A

biologics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 4 DMARDS?

A

methotrexate
leflunomide
hydroxychloroquine
gold salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what must be monitored regularly if a patient is using methotrexate?

A

liver and kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in which patients is methotrexate CI in?

A

pregnant patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the uses of methotrexate? (2)

A

when NSAIDs are ineffective
chemotherapy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 6 ADR of methotrexate?

A

fibrosis/cirrhosis
stomatitis
hepatic dysfunction
immunosuppression
neutropenia
teratogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how does methotrexate treat RA? (2)

A

inhibits T and B cells
reduces ICAM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

an alternative drug to methotrexate in patients who cannot tolerate methotrexate and is also teratogenic

A

leflunomide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

an immunosuppressive that inhibits terminal glycosylation of ACE2 (receptor that COVID targets for cell entry)

A

hydroxychloroquine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DMARD that is an immunosuppressive that has an ADR of severe immunosuppression

A

gold salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

drugs that bind tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (who is produced by synovial macrophages and lymphocytes to mediate tissue damage in cartilage and bones)

A

biologic DMARDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ADR of biologic DMARDS? (2)

A

increase risk of infection
reactivate latent TB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the 5 uses of biologic DMARDS?

A

RA
psoriasis
psoriatic arthritis
ankylosing spondylitis
crohn’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which biologic DMARDS is a fusion protein between the TNF receptor and IgG?

A

“etanercept between TNF and IgG”

etanercept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

administration of etanercept?

A

SQ biweekly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

monoclonal antibody that is given IV at 1, 2, 6 weeks and then every 8 weeks

A

indliximab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

administration of adalimumab?

A

SQ q 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

administration of certolizimab?

A

SQ q 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

administration of golimumab?

A

SQ monthly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

monoclonal antibody that blocks the IL-6 receptor

A

tocilizumab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ADR of tocilizumab? administration?

A

increased risk of infection

IV infusion 1/month

23
Q

T-cell costimulatory inhibitor that prevents T cell activation by the antigen-presenting cells = leading to less autoinflammation

A

abatacept

used for “auto” inflammation

24
Q

ADR of abatacept? administration?

A

increased risk of infection

IV infusion 1/month

25
Q

T cell receptor inhibitor that binds CD25

A

basiliximab

26
Q

T cell receptor inhibitor that binds CD3

A

moromonab

27
Q

an antibody that is engineered to recognize a specific tumor cell and can initiate other immune processes that target the cell for death

A

naked antibody

28
Q

cargo is added to the antibody to disrupt gene expression but will not distinguish between rapidly dividing tumor cells or rapidly dividing neural cells

A

conjugated antibodies

29
Q

takes T cells from donor, engineer them invitro against tumor cell and the place them back so they can specifically target the tumor

A

antibody fusion to modified T cell

30
Q

half of the antibody that is specific to T cell is put with other half that is specific for tumor cell, pull the specific agent toward the T cell to target the specific tumor cell

A

bridging antibody to recruit cytotoxic T cells

31
Q

IL-1 receptor antagonist, (IL-1 is a proinflammatory cytokine that potentiates inflammation and tissue damage)

A

anakinra

32
Q

administration of anakinra?

A

SQ

33
Q

JAK inhibitor that blocks excessive cytokine signaling in autoimmune/inflammatory diseases

A

tofacitinib

34
Q

ADR of tofacitinib? (2) administration?

A

neutropenia
increased cholesterol

oral

35
Q

B cell depletor that binds to antigen found on B cell precursors and mature B cells = blocks B cell differentiation and division, and leads to B cell apoptosis

A

rituximab

36
Q

what are the 2 uses for rituximab?

A

RA
non-hodgkins lymphoma

37
Q

2 ADR of rituximab?

A

increased risk of infection
reactivation of viral infections

38
Q

how does gout cause arthritis?

A

urate crystal collection in joints

39
Q

what is gout therapy aimed at? (3)

A

suppressing leukocyte activation
increase renal excretion of urate
decrease urate production

40
Q

drug that binds tubulin to prevent polymerization, leading to inhibition of leukocyte migration in gout

A

colchicine

41
Q

what are the 2 uses for colchicine?

A

acute attacks
prophylaxis of recurrent episodes when uricosuric drug + allopurinol is not effective

42
Q

4 ADR of colchicine?

A

“a DAAN would have gout”

Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Alopecia
Neutropenia

43
Q

what can be used instead, to avoid diarrhea in colchicine use?

A

indomethacin

44
Q

prevent phagocytosis of crystals and transcription of inflammatory genes; initial therapy for gout

A

NSAIDs

45
Q

increases renal excretion of urate since 75% of urate is reabsorbed in gout; reduces whole body urate levels

A

uricosuric drugs (probenicid)

46
Q

use for probenicid?

A

after several acute attacks + plasma urate elevation

47
Q

ADR of probenicid?

A

increase renal urate crystals

48
Q

what is probenicid usually combined with to make urine alkaline?

A

acetazolamide

49
Q

inhibits xanthine oxidase (enzyme that forms urate)

A

allopurinol

50
Q

4 uses for allopurinol?

A

chronic gout
elevated plasma urate
recurrent urate stones
leukemia/lymphoma

51
Q

what gout drug should be used in a patient with poor renal function?

A

allopurinol

52
Q

why should we use a combo treatment when using allopurinol for gout?

A

can cause acute attacks on its own

53
Q

more effective in decreasing plasma urate than allopurinol, so is used in the long-term treatment to reduce gout flares

A

febuxostat

Pharmacology 2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions