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med term > test 1: ch2 other terms > Flashcards

test 1: ch2 other terms Flashcards

1
Q

the study of cells and their functions

A

cytology

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2
Q

at some point during their life cycle, all cells have these three things:

A

cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane

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3
Q

the study of tissue

A

histology

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4
Q

what are the four main types of tissue?

A

muscular tissue, epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue

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5
Q

what are the three basic types of muscles formed by muscle tissue?

A

skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, or cardiac muscle

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6
Q

type of muscle that attaches to bone

A

skeletal muscle

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7
Q

type of muscle that is found in internal organs like the intestine, uterus, and blood vessels

A

smooth muscle

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8
Q

type of muscle that is only found in the heart

A

cardiac muscle

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9
Q

type of main body tissue that produces movement in the body through contraction

A

muscle tissue

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10
Q

type of main body tissue that is found throughout the body is composed of close-packed cells that forms the covering for and lining of body structures (like the top layer of skin and stomach lining); also absorb substances, secrete substances, or excrete waste

A

epithelial tissue

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11
Q

type of main body tissue that is the supporting and protecting tissue in body structures

A

connective tissues

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12
Q

what are the four different types of connective tissue?

A

bone, cartilage, tendons, and adipose

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13
Q

type of connective tissue that provides structural support for the whole body

A

bone

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14
Q

type of connective tissue that is the shock absorber for joints

A

cartilage

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15
Q

type of connective tissue that tightly connects skeletal muscles to bones

A

tendons

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16
Q

type of connective tissue that provides protective padding around body structures

A

adipose

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17
Q

type of main body tissue that is made up of neurons and forms the brain, spinal cord, and a network of nerves throughout the entire body, allowing for the conduction of electrical impulses to send information from the brain to the rest of the body

A

nervous tissue

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18
Q

what are the levels of organization in the body from smallest to largest?

A

cells, tissues, organs, systems, body

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19
Q

body system that forms protective two-way barrier; aids in temperature regulation

A

integumentary system

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20
Q

name all parts of the integumentary system:

A

skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands

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21
Q

body system that provides support for the body and produces movement, forms blood cells, and stores minerals

A

musculoskeletal system

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22
Q

name all parts of the musculoskeletal system (MS):

A

muscles, tendons, bones, joints, and cartilage

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23
Q

body system that pumps blood throughout entire body to transport nutrients, oxygen, and wastes

A

cardiovascular system

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24
Q

name all parts of the cardiovascular system (CV):

A

heart, arteries, veins, capillaries

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25
Q

body system that transports oxygen, protects against pathogens, and controls

A

blood (hematic) system

26
Q

body system that protects body from disease and invasion from pathogens

A

lymphatic system

27
Q

name all parts of the lymphatic system:

A

lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, spleen, thymus glands, tonsils

28
Q

name all parts of the hematic system:

A

plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

29
Q

body system that obtains oxygen from the environment and removes carbon dioxide from the body

A

respiratory system

30
Q

name all parts of the respiratory system:

A

nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs

31
Q

body system that ingests, digests, and absorbs nutrients for the body

A

digestive or gastrointestinal system

32
Q

body system that filters waste products out of blood and removes them from body

A

urinary system

33
Q

name all parts of the urinary system

A

kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

34
Q

body system that regulates metabolic activities of the body

A

endocrine system

35
Q

body system that receives sensory information and coordinates body’s response

A

nervous system

36
Q

used to describe positions and relationships of a structure in human body; body standing erect with arms at sides of body, palms of hands facing forward, and eyes looking straight ahead

A

anatomical position

37
Q

vertical plane that runs lengthwise from front to back and divides the body, or any of its parts, into right and left portions

A

sagittal plane

38
Q

body plane that divides the body into front and back portions

A

frontal or coronal plane

39
Q

body plane that is a crosswise plane that runs parallel to the ground, it cuts the body into upper and lower portions

A

transverse plane

40
Q

another name for transverse plane

A

horizontal plane

41
Q

another name for frontal plane

A

coronal plane

42
Q

cavity that contains the brain

A

cranial cavity

43
Q

cavity that contains the spinal cord

A

spinal cavity

44
Q

name all dorsal cavities

A

cranial and spinal

45
Q

name all ventral cavities

A

thoracic, abdominopelvis

46
Q

name all parts of the thoracic cavity:

A

pleural, pericardial, mediastinum

47
Q

cavity that contains the lungs

A

pleural cavity

48
Q

cavity that contains the heart

A

pericardial

49
Q

cavity that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus gland, and aorta

A

mediastinum

50
Q

name all parts of the abdominopelvic cavity

A

abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

51
Q

cavity that contains stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and portions of the small intestine and colon

A

abdominal cavity

52
Q

cavity that contains urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, and portions of small intestine and colon

A

pelvic cavity

53
Q

what is the position of the kidneys?

A

retroperitoneal

54
Q

in this position, the body is lying horizontally and facing upward

A

supine

55
Q

in this position, the body is lying horizontally and facing downward

A

prone

56
Q

meaning located farther away form the point of attachment to body

A

distal

57
Q

meaning located nearer to point of attachment to body

A

proximal

58
Q

meaning more toward front of belly side of body

A

anterior

59
Q

meaning more toward back or spinal cord side of the body

A

posterior

60
Q

an invasive method of administering drugs, requires skin to be punctured by a needle

A

parenteral

61
Q

injection into body cavity

A

intracavitary

62
Q

very shallow injection just under top layer of skin

A

intradermal

med term (29 decks)

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