elderly

Question 1

___________ are the opioids of choice for pain relief in palliative care patients with severe renal impairment

Answer 1

Buprenorphine or fentanyl

Oxycodone (oral and IV) can be used in mild to moderate renal impairment (GFR 10-50mL/min/1.73²) but it is avoided in severe renal impairment

Question 2

Long-term steroid use is a significant risk factor for

Answer 2

avascular necrosis (do MRI)
X-rays can be normal or minimally changed in early AVN, so the lack of X-ray changes here does not rule out the diagnosis.
collapse of the articular surface may result in the crescent sign on xray.

Question 3

Na+ less than 120?

Answer 3

administer 3% NaCl

Question 4

Osteoporosis is commonly associated with ___________b PTH, Ca, Phosphate

Answer 4

normal

Question 5

common SE of radiation therapy causing painful swallowing and oral ulcerations?

Answer 5

Mucositis