1530-1547 CROMWELL AND REFORMATION

Question 1

When was the Act of Supremacy?

Answer 1

1534

Question 2

Two key opponents to the Reformation?

Answer 2

John Fisher and Thomas More

Question 3

Survey for Dissolution

Answer 3

Valor Ecclesiasticus (1535)

Question 4

When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?

Answer 4

1536

Question 5

What did John Fisher and Thomas More refuse to sign?

Answer 5

The Oath of Supremacy

Question 6

Give 3 reasons why there was little opposition to the Reformation

Answer 6

1532 Treason Laws, little direct impact, gradual changes, Royal Injunctions

Question 7

Ways in which England was Protestant by 1547

Answer 7

Edward as heir, no papal authority, Catherine Parr, physical Church decor

Question 8

Ways in which England was NOT Protestant by 1547

Answer 8

Communion, execution of Cromwell, Pilgrimage of Grace

Question 9

When did Charles capture the Pope?

Answer 9

1527

Question 10

Impact of the Act in Restraint of Annates (1532)

Answer 10

Stopped payment to the Vatican of up to 95% of annates- intended to force to Pope to reconsider

Question 11

How did Cromwell justify reform?

Answer 11

Exaggerated growing anticlericalism

Question 12

How did Cromwell respond to those who resisted reform?

Answer 12

Charged with praemunire

Question 13

1531 Pardon of the Clergy- what did it do?

Answer 13

Absolved the Church of any wrongdoings

Question 14

1532 Supplication against the Ordinaries

Answer 14

Attack on the Church

1. Riddled with corruption
2. Challenged the Church’s right to have independent courts from the State

Question 15

What were the (3) terms of the 1532 Submission of the Clergy?

Answer 15

1. No more ecclesiastical laws independent of the King
2. Could not issue laws without royal license
3. Had to submit existing laws to a royal committee for revision

Question 16

When did Thomas Cranmer become Archbishop of Canterbury?

Answer 16

1532

Question 17

When was the Submission of the Clergy?

Answer 17

1532

Question 18

When was the Supplication against the Ordinaries?

Answer 18

1532

Question 19

When was the Pardon of the Clergy?

Answer 19

1531

Question 20

1536 Act Extinguishing the Authority of the Bishop of Rome clauses (5)

Answer 20

Denied the Pope…

1. Access to clerical taxes
2. Power of appointment
3. Authority over doctrine
4. Right to grant dispensations
5. Use of his title in England

Question 21

When did dissolution plans begin?

Answer 21

1535 (after Henry had become head of the Church)

Question 22

What was the book Cromwell compiled about his visitations?

Answer 22

Comperta Monastica

Question 23

Give 2 of Cromwell’s besties

Answer 23

Thomas Legh, John ap Rhys, Richard Layton

Question 24

When was the Valor Ecclesiasticus?

Answer 24

1535

Question 25

Impact of the Valor and Comperta

Answer 25

Provided the ammunition to close the monasteries

Question 26

Evidence in the Comperta

Answer 26

Widespread immorality and sexual perversion eg gay monks

Question 27

1536 Dissolution of the Smaller Monasteries

Answer 27

Houses that failed to meet annual income of over £200 per year

Question 28

Who was executed under the Treason Act?

Answer 28

Richard Whiting, Abbott of Glastonbury

Question 29

Social and economic consequences of the dissolution

Answer 29

- Monasteries had been employers of farm workers - Religious houses offered hospitality - Did not make the Crown as much as they could- sold too quickly

Question 30

1536 Royal Injunctions

Answer 30

- Erasing references to the Pope in services - Defending royal supremacy in sermons - Removal of superstitious images

Question 31

When were the Royal Injunctions?

Answer 31

1536

Question 32

1536 Ten Articles

Answer 32

Rejected Seven Sacraments

Question 33

The Bishops Book

Answer 33

'softening up process'

Question 34

1538 Second set of Royal Injunctions

Answer 34

More specific and reformist, eg removal of saints and statues (rather than discouragement)

Question 35

When did Cromwell enlist JP's to help enforce order?

Answer 35

1536

Question 36

1539 Act of Six Articles

Answer 36

Reversed a lot of Protestant changes, eg reintroduced transubstantiation, enforced clerical celibacy

Question 37

Reasons for Cromwell's fall

Answer 37

- Factionalism | - The Cleves marriage

Question 38

When was Anne Boleyn beheaded?

Answer 38

May 1536

Question 39

July 1536 Act Extinguishing the Authority of the Bishop of Rome

Answer 39

Got rid of any remaining authority that the Pope had

Question 40

July 1536 Act of Ten Articles

Answer 40

Passed by Cromwell when Henry was distracted

Question 41

When was the first set of injunctions under Cromwell?

Answer 41

Aug 1536

Question 42

Aug 1536 Royal Injunctions (3)

Answer 42

Attacked Catholic practises Encouraged religious instruction Bishops who refused reported to Cromwell

Question 43

July 1537 Bishops Book (2)

Answer 43

Outlined Protestant beliefs | Reduced status of priests

Question 44

When was the second set of injunctions under Cromwell?

Answer 44

Sep 1538

Question 45

Example of someone burnt for heresy under Henry and Cromwell

Answer 45

John Lambert

Question 46

When was the Act of Six Articles passed?

Answer 46

Jun 1539

Question 47

Evidence the church did not need reforming (3)

Answer 47

Most seemed happy- many left money to the church in their wills Provided essential services Limited support for opposition eg Lollards

Question 48

Example of corruption in the church

Answer 48

The Hunne Case | Wolsey

Question 49

What did Cromwell compile on the visitations?

Answer 49

Comperta Monastica

Question 50

Example of Cromwell's close friends

Answer 50

John ap Rhys, Richard Layton, Thomas Legh

Question 51

What happened to Cromwell after the Cleves marriage?

Answer 51

Made Earl of Essex