Treatment Of Hypertension

Question 1

• Chronically elevated Blood Pressure
• Treatment should begin if the Systolic BP is greater than or equal _____

OR if the Diastolic BP is greater than or equal ___.

Answer 1

130; 80

Question 2

Three Factors Influence Blood Pressure –
1.
2.
3.

Answer 2

Cardiac Output;
Peripheral Resistance;
Blood Volume

Question 3

SBP ≥ 130 or DBP ≥ 80 on ______ occasions.

• Complications of __________ hypertension include aneurysm, peripheral vascular disease, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure.

Answer 3

Three; uncontrolled

Question 4

• Modify diet: limit sodium intake, aim for a healthy body weight
• Exercise
• Medications including diuretics and antihypertensive drugs.

Answer 4

Treatment of HTN

Question 5

• obtain preliminary assessments before giving:
  BP & HR
• Evaluate for desired therapeutic effect
  Monitor for signs and symptoms of orthostatic hypotension.

Answer 5

monitor: hypertension

Question 6

• accurate BP
• recheck abnormal BP (manual)
• Hold for hypotension (general guidelines – hold for systolic blood pressure below 100)

Answer 6

do: antihypertensives

Question 7

• Purpose of the drug and administration guidelines.
• Change positions slowing if dizziness occurs with position changes.
• Self-monitoring of heart-rate and BP at home.
• Limit sodium (do NOT use salt substitute if taking a drug linked to hyperkalemia).
• Exercise as guided by provider.

Answer 7

teach: antihypertensives

Question 8

__________ is a potent ____________ – so if you inhibit or block that system, the end result is less vasoconstriction – or to put it another way, more vasodilation.

Answer 8

Angiotensin; vasoconstrictor

Question 9

When blood vessels _______, blood pressure _______.

Answer 9

Widen; drops

Question 10

The renin-angiotensin system is also connected to __________ levels, and this influences blood pressure by causing fluctuations in ______ and _______________.

Answer 10

aldosterone; sodium; water excretion

Question 11

The two groups of anti-hypertensives of the Renin-Angiotensin System are what?

Answer 11

1. ACE inhibitors
2. ARB’s

Question 12

Swelling in or around the mouth

Answer 12

Angioedema

Question 13

Protein in urine

Answer 13

Proteinuria

Question 14

Which medications for the treatment of hypertension are considered the first line of defense?

Answer 14

Thiazides
ACE inhibitors
ARB’s
CCB’s

Question 15

Which medications for the treatment of hypertension are considered the second line of defense?

Answer 15

Andrenergic antagonists (beta blockers)