Henry VII - Foreign Policy , 1485-92, Developing Diplomacy Flashcards
What was the relationship between England and France pre-1485?
France and England had been long-standing enemies ever since the invasion of England by William the Conquerer in 1066.
The latest contest had been the 100-years war, in which England lost all territories in France except Calais. By the end of the 15th Century, France’s resources were six times that of England’s.
What did the 100-years war do to England’s power?
England became a second-rate nation.
*Henry Vii had no intent on remedying this.
What was the problem that Simenl (1487) imposed on Henry Vii’s foreign policy?
Supported by Ireland and Burgundy.
-> Burgundy had supported England in the 100-years war but this all changed as now Margaret of Burgundy despised Henry.
What and when was the Breton Crisis?
1487-1492.
Brittany wanted to remain independent from France, however France wanted to annex Brittany causing a crisis.
What were the events of the Breton crisis?
- Charles VIII of France was planning to marry Anne of Brittany in order to annex the duchy.
- However, in 1486 Maximillian agreed to marry Anne by proxy.
- Henry attempted to use diplomacy by creating allyships to deter France from going to war - this was with Ferdinand of Spain and Maximillian of HRE.
- Henry signs Treaty of Redon with Brittany
- Henry is let down by allies and no troops are sent.
- Brittany accepts defeat and is annexed by France.
Why was the Breton crisis a problem for Henry?
He was indebted to France as they gave him financial assistance at Bosworth however he was also indebted to Brittanny for giving him hospitality during exile.
What was the Treaty of Redon?
Brittany promises to pay the costs of 6,000 men Henry undertook to send them.
When was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?
1489
Who was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo with?
Spain, Henry was hoping for good relations and security.
What did the Treaty of Meldina Del Campo settle?
- The two monarchies offer mutual protection in the event of an attack.
- They agree not to harbour rebels or pretenders
- The Treaty arranged an alliance of marriage between Prince Arthur of England and Princess Catherine of Aragon.
What was the issue with the marriage settled by Medina Del Campo?
Ferdinand wouldn’t allow the marriage to go through while Warbeck still threatened Henry. The monarchs also argued over the size of the dowry.
How did the Treaty of Medina Del Campo relate to trading interests?
It negotiated the mutual reduction of tarrifs between the two countries.
*Promote prosperity
What were the long-term effects of the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?
- The marriage finally went forward in 1501 after terms were agreed in 1499.
- Prince Arthur dies in 1502 which complicated relations with Ferdinand.
- Henry suggest Catherine marry his other son, Henry VIII which requires a papal dispensation.
- In 1504, Henry loses interest in the marriage as Ferdinand is not as significant politically.
- 1506, Ferdinand becomes relevant again and the marriage is agreed but Ferdinand won’t allow the Henry-Catherine marriage to happen in H7’s life.
When was the Treaty of Étaples?
1492
How did the Treaty of Étaples come about?
Henry Vii wanted to liberate Brittanny from France. He gambled by invading France late into the campaigning season on the information that they were more interested in the Italian wars.
Charles VIII quickly agrees to peace with England.
