Module 9 Flashcards
Widely distributed cells, tissues, and organs
Immune System
The immune system acts to…
Destroy or neutralize foreign substances
Immunity
General ability of host to resist a particular disease or infection
Immunology
Science concerned with the immune response
Memory
Effectiveness increased after repeated exposure
Antibodies bind to antigens and…
Inactivate or eliminate them
Hematopoesis
Development on WBCs in BM of mammals
WBCs that mature prior to leaving the BM
Macs and DCs and become part of innate immune system
Respond to all antigens
WBCs that are part of innate immunity
Not fully functional after leaving the BM
B and T cells
B and T cells
Differentiate in response to antigens
All leukocytes from
Pluripotent stem cells
WBC Counts in body
Neutrophils (60), lymphocytes (30), monocytes (6), Eosin (3), Baso (1)
Neutrophils
Neutral pH stain + highly phagocytic
Highly Phagocytic
Neutrophils and Monocytes/macrophages
Circulate blood and migrate to tissue damage
Neutrophils
Neutrophils have
Primary and secondary granules
Neutrophil Mode of Action
Kill ingested microbes with lytic enzymes and reactive O2 metabolites from granules
Monocytes
Mononuclear and circulate for 8 hours before maturing into macrophages
Macrophages
Reside in specific tissues and have variety of surface receptors
Microglial cells
Brain macs
Kupffer Cells
Liver Macs
Mesangial cells
Kidney macs
Synovial cells
Joint macs
Osteoclasts
Bone macs
In small numbers in blood, skin, MM of nose, lungs, and intestines
DCs
DCs mode of action
Contact –> Phagocytose –> process antigen –> antigen presentation
Major Cells of the IS
B and T cells
Lymphocytes
B and T and NK (null) cells
Differentiation
T and B cells in bone marrow by
G0 cell cycles
B and T cells stuck here until they are activated by binding antigen
Activation of B and T cells
Replication and circulation to enter lymphoid tissue
Memory cells
Activated lymphocytes that do not immediately replication but will do so when the antigen is present again
B cells migration
Circulate blood and settle in lymphoid organs
Plasma cells
Antibody producing cells after maturation and activation
T cell migration
Stay in thymus, circulate blood, reside in lymphoid tissue
Cytokines
Chemicals that have effect on other cells
Produces Cytokines
Activated T cells
NK cells
Non-phagocytic granular lymphocytes
NK cells kill
Malignant and infected cells