Renal failure drugs

Question 1

Captopril

Answer 1

ACE inhibitor
-Prevents AG1 to AG2 conversion
——-
-Renal failure
-HTN
-Reduce cardiac events in people with renal failure
——
-hypotension
-cough
-Proteinuria (taste disturbance)

Question 2

Enalapril

Answer 2

ACE inhibitor
-Prevents AG1 to AG2 conversion
——-
-Renal failure
-HTN
-Reduce cardiac events in people with renal failure
——
-hypotension
-cough
-Renal impairment

Question 3

Valsartan

Answer 3

Angiotensin receptor blocker
-Blocks AT-1 in SMC
—–
-HTN
-Reduce cardiac events in people with renal failure
—–
-hypotension
-renal impairment
-teratogenic

Question 4

candesartan

Answer 4

Angiotensin receptor blocker
-Blocks AT-1 in SMC
—–
-HTN
-Reduce cardiac events in people with renal failure
—–
-hypotension
-renal impairment
-teratogenic

Question 5

Losartan

Answer 5

Angiotensin receptor blocker
-Blocks AT-1 in SMC
—–
-HTN
-Reduce cardiac events in people with renal failure
—–
-hypotension
-renal impairment
-teratogenic

Question 6

Calcitriol

Answer 6

Vit D analogue
-Off sets Vit D loss from renal failure
——–
-Psoriasis
-manage secondary PTH from renal failure

Question 7

Calcipotriol

Answer 7

Vit D analogue
-Off sets Vit D loss from renal failure
——–
-Psoriasis
-manage secondary PTH from renal failure

Question 8

Tacalcitol

Answer 8

Vit D analogue
-Off sets Vit D loss from renal failure
——–
-Psoriasis
-manage secondary PTH from renal failure

Question 9

EPO

Answer 9

erythropoietin
-stimualtes RBC production in bone marrow
—–
-secondary anemia from renal failure
——-
-embolism

Question 10

Aluminum hydroxide

Answer 10

/
phosphate chelator
——–
-hyperphosphatemia
——-
-increased blood Al

Question 11

Calcium carbonate

Answer 11

Phosphate chelator
-also helps hypocalcemia
——–
-hyperphosphatemia
——–
-vascular calcification

Question 12

Sevelamer hydrochloride

Answer 12

phosphate chelator
-anion exchange resin
-decreases LDL by binding bile
——–
-hyperphosphatemia
-dyslipidemia
———
-GI upset
-loss of fat soluble vitamins
-don’t use if hypos-phosphate or bowel obstruction

Question 13

Sodium or calcium polystyrene sultanate

Answer 13

Potassium chelator
-cation exchange resin
-used with sorbitol
——–
-hyperphosphatemia
——
GI upset from sorbitol

Question 14

Glucose+ insulin

Answer 14

-Insulin forces K+ into cells by increasing Na+/K+ ATPase
-glucose prevents hypoglycemia
——
-hyperkalemia
——
-weight gain

Question 15

Salbutamol

Answer 15

Beta 2 agonist
-increased Na+/K+ ATPase
-10-20mg dose
—-
-hyperkalemia

Question 16

Desmopressin

Answer 16

Vasopressin analogue
-selective V2 activation causing aquaporins increase water absorption
———
-Incontinence
———
-water intoxication
-hypotension if IV

Question 17

Darifenacin

Answer 17

Anticholinergic M3 selective
-prevents bladder contraction
——
-incontinence
——-
-none if selective

Question 18

Solifenacin

Answer 18

Anticholinergic M3 selective
-prevents bladder contraction
——
-incontinence
——-
-none if selective

Question 19

Mirabegron

Answer 19

B3 agonist
-relaxes bladder muscles
——-
-incontinence
——
-increased BP
-Bladder pain
-Dry mouth, headache, dizziness