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Dosage II > Principles of Drug Delivery > Flashcards

Principles of Drug Delivery Flashcards

1
Q

Controlled drug delivery types

A

-temporal
-spatial

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2
Q

temporal controlled drug delivery

A

-sustained release (delayed and extended)
-pulsatile release

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3
Q

spatial controlled drug delivery

A

-systemic
-local
-targeted

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4
Q

Potential advantages of controlled release

A

-maintain good concentrations
-improve efficiency
-minimize side effects
-less freq admin
-inc convenience and compliance

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5
Q

Disadvantages of controlled release

A

-high production cost
-leakage of drug mass (dose dumping)
-difficult to stop drug release
-biocompatibility of the delivery systems?
-necessity of surgical operation

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6
Q

Temporal controlled drug delivery is needed for:

A

-optimizing concentration
-reduce freq of admin
-simulating multiple dosing via combo of immediate-release + pulsatile delivery system

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7
Q

Temporal controlled drug delivery is NOT needed for:

A

-drugs w long half-life
-drugs w undesirable long-term effects
-drugs that need immediate effect

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8
Q

Drug release control mechanisms

A

-diffusion-controlled systems
-dissolution-controlled systems
-erosion-controlled systems
-osmotic systems
-swelling systems

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9
Q

Diffusion-controlled systems

A

-drug DIFFUSION through polymer network is rate-limiting step

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10
Q

types of diffusion-controlled systems

A

-reservoir systems
-matrix systems

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11
Q

Reservoir systems

A

-diffusion controlled system
-drug reservoir
-surrounded by release rate controlling membrane

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12
Q

matrix system

A

-diffusion controlled system
-drug + matrix former

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13
Q

Ocusert

A

-diffusion control reservoir
-pilocarpine reservoir
-rate controlling membranes
-eyeball medication

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14
Q

Tetracycline periodontal fibers

A

-diffusion control reservoir
-tetracycline in polymer membrane
-tooth

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15
Q

Norplant

A

-diffusion control reservoir
-silicone capsules w levonorgesterel
-injection into forearm

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16
Q

Examples of diffusion-controlled RESERVOIR systems

A

-Ocusert
-Periodontal Fibers
-Norplant

17
Q

Drug release from diffusion reservoir equation

A

-slide 14

18
Q

Drug release from diffusion MATRIX

A

-drug and matric former are not physically separated
-release depends on GEOMETRY

19
Q

Drug release from MATRIX equation

A

SLIDE 26

20
Q

Reservoir vs MATRIX

A

-drug separated from skin by rate controlling adhesive in reservoir
-in matrix, drug is within adhesive

21
Q

reservoir vs matrix. math

A

ri

22
Q

Nexplanon

A

-rod
-matrix
-inserted under skin

23
Q

Dissolution system types

A

-encapsulated
-matrix

24
Q

Dissolution matrix math

A

slide 33

25
Q

Osmotic systems

A

-1 chamber or 2 chamber
-rigid film coating

26
Q

Film coating of osmotic systems

A

-permeable for water
-not permeable for drug excipients
-rigid to resist hydrostatic pressure = push out drug

27
Q

Osmotic mech

A

-overcoat provides immediate release
-1 hour later push compartment expands releasing drug from compartment 1 for the rest of the morning
-afternoon: push compartment expands and releases drug from compartment 2 during afternoon

28
Q

Osmotic pump

A

-agent
-osmotic layer
-semipermeable membrane
-impermeable reservoir
-flow moderator

29
Q

***IF THE DRUG IS ADDITIONALLY RELEASED THRU DIFFUSION

A

slide 40

30
Q

slide 41 good

A

recap

31
Q

Erosion controlled systems mech

A

-initial release controlled by diffusion of drug on surface
-sustained release determined by erosion of polymer

32
Q

Types of erosion

A

-surface erosion (lose from surface)
-bulk erosion (lose mass overall)

33
Q

Examples of erosion-controlled systems

A

-Zoladex
-Lupron
-Nutropin
-Gliadel Wafer
-Sustol

34
Q

Gliadel Wafer

A

-short half life
-dose limiting sie effect (bone marrow suppression and pulmonary fibrosis)
-avoid systemic admin
-place into cavity of tumor while cranium still open
-no need to remove polymer remains
-temporal control: released in a time controlled manner
-spatial control: released in direct vicinity of site of action
-BCNU
-polyanhydride

35
Q

Lupron Depot

A

-erosion
-PLGA
-prostate cancer
-injected IM
-1-4 month release

36
Q

PLGA poly(lactic-co-glycolic acids)

A

-polymer undergoes hydrolysis = releases drug

37
Q

Sustol sustained release injection

A
38
Q

Swelling Controlled systems

A

-polymer swelling
-dec drug release rate bc of longer diffusion pathway
-polymer network size inc = in drug release rate

Dosage II (20 decks)

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