psychodynamics lectures 1-3

Question 1

Horney

Answer 1

-women can develop psychology
-we will always feel, to some extent, abandoned and isolated
-goal of therapy is partly to make the unconscious conscious
-innate needs for connectedness, safety, and autonomy

Question 2

healthy person

Answer 2

(not a lot of hostility) learns to spontaneously and flexibly relate to others through authentic, real self that is a reflection of a persons true interests, traits, abilities, and attitudes

Question 3

idealized selves

Answer 3

when basic hostility and basic anxiety get to much
- tend to contain a set of unrealistic standards that the neurotic person compulsively attempts to achieve in order to combat aloneness
-tyranny of the should
-leads to hating one’s real self

Question 4

neurotic needs

Answer 4

strategies employed to combat basic anxiety

Question 5

neurotic needs

Answer 5

1. affection and approval
2. dominant life partner
3. prestige
4. independence
5. exploitation

Question 6

neurotics

Answer 6

(those with strong feelings of basic anxiety) pursue only a few needs inflexibly (thus neglecting other important aspects of existence) in order to combat aloneness

Question 7

3 negative basic anxiety-management strategies

Answer 7

1. toward: compulsive compliance (pleasing and relying upon others) = compliant personality
2. against: compulsive aggression (contradicting, exploiting, besting others) = aggressive personality
3. away from: compulsive withdrawal (proving you don’t need others) = detached personality

Question 8

3 healthier anxiety-management strategies

Answer 8

1. toward: spontaneous seeking (friendly, loving behavior)
2. against: spontaneous competitiveness (holding ones own)
3. away from: spontaneous autonomy (serene self-sufficiency)

Question 9

geraldine downey et al. : rejection sensitivity

Answer 9

women high is RS are more likely to end relationships when they get into an argument

Question 10

neurotic pride

Answer 10

defensive pride based on fantasy rather than reality

Question 11

Ian McGregor et al.: measure defensive pride by looking at
-low implicit self-esteem
-dismissive-avoidant attachment style
-narcissism

Answer 11

results:
in these studies, it was consistently found that after a relevant self-esteem threat, defensively high self-esteem folks, dismissive-avoidant folks, and narcissistic folks would defensively claim that most people agreed with them on important social issues

Question 12

object relations theory

Answer 12

objects in environments that satisfy ID instincts

Question 13

4 broad object relations theory themes

Answer 13

1. in any relationship, the flip side of satisfaction is frustration
2. those whom we love the most are also those toward whom we occasionally feel the most hate
3. the parts of the object are not the same thing as the whole object
4. out contradictory feelings toward important objects are both unconsciously recognized and a source of psychological discomfort

Question 14

Margaret Mahler’s contributions to OR theory

Answer 14

1. separation-individuation: differentiate “self” from mom/dad
2. separation anxiety
3. internalized object relation

Question 15

Heinz Kohuts 3 narcissistic needs

Answer 15

1. to be mirrored
2. to idealize
3. twinship

Question 16

nuclear, cohesive self rely on 3 things

Answer 16

1. grandiosity
   2.idealizing
2. alter-ego connectedness

Question 17

the autonomous self

Answer 17

1. not to be dependent on self-object for fulfillment of needs
2. views others as autonomous beings with intrinsic value

Question 18

grandiose

Answer 18

tendency to have unrealistically positive self-views, and to demand respect and admiration from others

Question 19

vulnerability

Answer 19

tendencies to manifest low and unstable self-esteem, and powerful feelings of shame and inferiority