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REL C 357 > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

Shabbat

A

The Jewish Sabbath, from Friday at sundown until Saturday at sundown

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2
Q

Kiddush

A

Ceremonial family blessing and meal Friday night to welcome the Sabbath

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3
Q

Challah

A

The special braided bread baked specially for the Sabbath meal

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4
Q

Havdalah

A

A family ceremony on Saturday night marking the end of the Sabbath

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5
Q

Kashrut

A

The term which describes the Jewish “kosher” dietary laws

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6
Q

Kosher

A

The term describing food as “fit” or “proper” in Judaism

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7
Q

Treif

A

The word means “torn” and describes un-kosher food

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8
Q

Pareve

A

This word describes foods which are considered “neutral”

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9
Q

Brit Mila (or Bris)

A

Covenant biblical circumcision for Jewish males

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10
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

A ceremony where 13 year old Jewish boys become “sons of the commandment”

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11
Q

Bat Mitzvah

A

A similar ceremony (in Reform Judaism) for girls who have turned 12 years old

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12
Q

Halakah

A

The term means “walk” or “way” – describes the body of Jewish law and practice

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13
Q

Shema

A

The most sacred prayer in Judaism; repetition in Hebrew of Deuteronomy 6:4-9

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14
Q

Talit (or Talis)

A

The Jewish “prayer shawl” with colored bands and fringes

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15
Q

Talit Katan

A

“Small Talis” – A linen undershirt with fringes worn by some Orthodox men

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16
Q

Tzitzit

A

The biblical Hebrew term for “fringe” – the fringes on the Talit prayer shawl

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17
Q

Tefilin

A

Phylacteries – Small leather prayer boxes bound to the head and arm during prayer

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18
Q

Mezuza

A

The word means “doorpost” – a small container with a scripture passage inside

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19
Q

Kippa

A

Yarmulke – Jewish “skull cap” worn by males for prayer and sacred occasions

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20
Q

Shofar

A

Hebrew term for the ram’s horn blown on Rosh Hashannah and holy occasions

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21
Q

Menorah

A

The “lamp” with multiple arms (like the 7-armed temple menorah)

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22
Q

Rosh Hashannah

A

The Jewish New Year, beginning day of the month of Fall holidays

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23
Q

Yom Kippur

A

The biblical Day of Atonement, a solemn day of fasting in Judaism

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24
Q

High Holy Days

A

Rosh Hashannah, followed by Yom Kippur ten days later

25
Q

Sukkot

A

The weeklong Feast of Tabernacles (or booths) each fall

26
Q

Shemini Atzeret

A

The “eighth” additional holiday right after the seven days of Sukkot

27
Q

Simhat Torah

A

The “joyful day of Torah” at the end of the Sukkot week each Fall

28
Q

Pessakh

A

The Biblical spring festival of Passover

29
Q

Seder

A

The ritual feast of passover – the term Seder means “order”

30
Q

Shavuot

A

The biblical Feast of Weeks, early summer festival 50 days after Pessah

31
Q

Tisha Be-Av

A

The “Ninth of Av” – summer day of mourning destruction of the temple

32
Q

Hanukah

A

The term means “dedication” – refers to the winter “feast of Dedication”

33
Q

Hanukiah

A

The specific term for the nine-armed Hanukah menorah

34
Q

Dreidel

A

A small, four-sided top which children play with at Hanukah

35
Q

Purim (Lots)

A

The early Spring celebration involving the reading of the story of Esther

36
Q

Kabalah

A

The term for mystical (even magical) Jewish traditions of the middle ages

37
Q

Synagogue

A

The Jewish meeting house or house of worship

38
Q

1000 BCE

A

David unites Israelite tribes and becomes king at Jerusalem

39
Q

950 BCE

A

Solomon builds First Temple at Jerusalem

40
Q

922 BCE

A

Israelites divide into two kingdoms: Judah (south) and Israel (north)

41
Q

732 BCE

A

First Assyrian deportation of Israel (northern kingdom)

42
Q

721 BCE

A

Second Assyrian deportation of Israel (reduced northern kingdom)

43
Q

701 BCE

A

Assyrian deportation of Judah, but Jerusalem spared

44
Q

586 BCE

A

Babylonians destroy Jerusalem and First Temple; Jews taken captive to Babylon

45
Q

537 BCE

A

Persian Empire (Cyrus) allows Jews to return to Judah

46
Q

520 BCE

A

Second Temple (Zerubbabel) built on the site of the earlier temple

47
Q

430 BCE

A

End of the Hebrew Bible record, with Malachi

48
Q

332 BCE

A

Alexander the Great conquers Near East – Hellenistic influence

49
Q

164 BCE

A

Jewish independence from Syrian-Greek rule – Hanukah (temple rededication)

50
Q

63 BCE

A

Romans conquer the land of Israel (eventually install Herod the Great)

51
Q

20 BCE

A

Second temple dismantled and newly rebuilt – Temple of Herod

52
Q

10 BCE

A

Ministry of Hillel and Shammai (the two leading Pharisee schools of thought)

53
Q

4 BCE

A

Death of Herod the Great, birth of Jesus

54
Q

30 CE

A

Ministry of Gamliel I (and Jesus and Peter)

55
Q

70 CE

A

End of First Jewish Revolt, destruction of Jerusalem and Temple of Herod

56
Q

135 CE

A

End of the Second Jewish Revolt (Bar Kokhba) – Jews banned from Judea

57
Q

200 CE

A

Yehudah HaNasi – Mishnah collected and written (Sepphoris, Galilee)

58
Q

500 CE

A

Talmud assembled – Gemara collected and written in Tiberias and Babylon

REL C 357 (5 decks)

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