Lexis and Semantics in Classrooms: Sinclair and Coulthard

Question 1

Who studied Lexis and Semantics in the classroom and what year?

Answer 1

Sinclair and Coulthard, 1977

Question 2

How many main functions did teachers language have according to Sinclair and Coulthard?

Answer 2

3

Question 3

What were the 3 main functions of language for teachers?

Answer 3

Informative, Directive, Elicitation

Question 4

What is the teacher attempting to do according to Sinclair and Coulthard with the talking functions of Directive and Elicitation?

Answer 4

Attempting to assert dominance

Question 5

How many different sub-classes of Directives are there?

Answer 5

3

Question 6

What are the 3 sub-classes of Directives called?

Answer 6

Imperatives, Declaratives, Interrogatives

Question 7

Give an example of an Informative sentence?

Answer 7

“The capital of England is London”

Question 8

Give an example of a Directive sentence?

Answer 8

“I want you to find London on this map”

Question 9

Give an example of an Elicitation sentence?

Answer 9

“What’s the capital of England?””

Question 10

Give an example of a Declarative Sentence?

Answer 10

“I would like you to turn to page 56”

Question 11

Give an example of an Interrogative sentence? (The sentence ends in a question mark)

Answer 11

“Could you turn to page 56?”

Question 12

Give an example of an Imperative Sentence?

Answer 12

“Turn to page 56”

Question 13

What other main speaking function was focussed on by Sinclair and Coulthard? What does it follow?

Answer 13

Elicitation, which follows the IRF Structure

Question 14

What is the IRF Structure?

Answer 14

Initiation, Response, Feedback Structure

Question 15

Give an IRF example which each section of the IRF

Answer 15

Initiation: “Whats the capital of England?” Response: “London” Feedback: “Good”

Question 16

What do Elicitation sentences do when asking the class who knows the answer? (3 ways)

Answer 16

Can either ask a specific student, The whole class, Or ask if anyone at all might know the answers.

Question 17

What did Sinclair and Coulthard find with open questions?

Answer 17

They could either be allowing for any answer or could be a known-answer question

Question 18

What type of answers would an any-answer question from a teacher allow?

Answer 18

Any answer to their question

Question 19

What type of answers would a known-answer question from a teacher allow?

Answer 19

Answers that the students already know

Question 20

What Exchanges did Sinclair and Coulthard find teachers used?

Answer 20

Boundary Exchange

Question 21

What are Boundary Exchanges?

Answer 21

Words used by teachers which mark a new point in the lesson

Question 22

Which 3 phonological features may teachers use to assert control?

Answer 22

Volume, Pitch, Tone

Question 23

What type of pronouns are teachers more likely to use and why? (Give an example of a pronoun like this)

Answer 23

Collective Pronouns such as “We” to show inclusiveness in the classroom