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gcse chemistry > Topic 9b- Hydrocarbons and polymers > Flashcards

Topic 9b- Hydrocarbons and polymers Flashcards

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1
Q

What does saturated mean in reference to bonds?

A

No double bonds- each atom has formed as many bonds with different atoms as it can

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2
Q

What is the formula in terms of n for alkanes?

A

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

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3
Q

What is the difference in structure between an alkene and an alkane?

A

alkenes have the carbon double-bond

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4
Q

What is important to note about reactivity of alkenes?

A

Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes
(think about it being more ‘kene’ to react)

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5
Q

What happens when bromine reacts with an alkene?

A
  • double bond is opened up leaving a single bond between the two carbons
  • the bromine acts like 2 hydrogen molecules that bond with single bonds to the carbons
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6
Q

How do alkenes form polymers?

A

addition polymerisation

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7
Q

What hydrocarbon undergoes addition polymerisation to form polymers?

A

Alkenes

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8
Q

What are the properties of polyethene

A
  • flexible, electrical insulator
  • cheap
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9
Q

What are the properties of polypropene

A
  • flexible
  • strong
  • tough
  • mouldable
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10
Q

What are the properties of polychloroethene (PVC)

A
  • tough
  • cheap
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11
Q

What are the properties of polytetraflouroethene (PTFE)

A
  • unreactive
  • tough
  • non-stick
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12
Q

What are the uses of polyethene

A
  • plastic bags
  • bottles
  • wire insulation
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13
Q

What are the uses of polypropene

A
  • crates
  • furniture
  • ropes
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14
Q

What are the uses of polychloroethene (PVC)

A
  • window frames
  • water pipes
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15
Q

What are the uses of polytetraflouroethene?

A
  • non-stick pans
  • waterproof clothing
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16
Q

What does condensation polymerisation involve?

A

Monomers from two functional groups that react together forming bonds and forming a small molecule that is lost (e.g. water).

17
Q

What’s an example of a naturally occuring polymer?

A
  • DNA- deoxyribonucleic acid
  • amino acids and proteins
  • carbohydrates and starch
18
Q

What are pastics made from?

A

Crude oil

19
Q

What are the disposal methods of plastic waste?

A
  • landfill
  • combustion
  • recycling
20
Q

How many carbons does an alkane / alkene have by name?

A
  • Meth- 1
  • Eth- 2
  • Prop- 3
  • But- 4
21
Q

What molecules form together to create polymers through condensation polymerisation?

A

dicarboxylic acids and diols which produce a water molecule as a byproduct

gcse chemistry (26 decks)

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