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Myco Viro > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

3 principal parts of Fungi

A

1 Nucleus
2 Cytoplasm or plasma membrane
3 Rigid cell wall

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2
Q

Most fungi are

A

obligate or facultative aerobes

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3
Q

True or False: Fungi are chemotrophic

A
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4
Q

Fungi that possess a polysaccharide capsule

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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5
Q

Function of cell wall and capsule

A

Protection
Transport of substances
Involved in host response

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6
Q

Basic forms of fungi

A

Yeast and molds

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7
Q

may reproduce either asexually or sexually

A

DIMORPHIC FUNGI

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8
Q

All fungi, with the exception of yeast, are composed of filamentous or tube-like filaments called

A

HYPHAE

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9
Q

CLASSIFICATION Hyphae/Hypha
Aseptate/Coenocytic Hypha

A

No cross-walls/division
Ex. Zygomycetes (Rhizopus and Mucor)

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10
Q

Septate Hypha

A

With cross-walls/ division
All fungi except Zygomycetes

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11
Q

Types of Hyphae: Favic Chandelier

A

Moose Antlers

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12
Q

Types of Hyphae: Rhizoids

A

Root like

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13
Q

Types of Hyphae: Racquet

A

Club shape

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14
Q

Types of Hyphae: Spiral

A

Tightly coiled

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15
Q

Types of Hyphae: Pectinate

A

Broken Comb

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16
Q

The mass of growing hyphae

A

Mycelium

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17
Q

3 types of mycelium

A

-Aerial Mycelium
-Reproductive Mycelium
-Vegetative/Thallus Mycelium

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18
Q

Portion projecting above the
substrate and capable of forming the spores

A

Reproductive
Mycelium

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19
Q

Penetrates into the substrate
and absorbs food

A

Vegetative/Thallus
Mycelium

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20
Q

Unicellular fungi which reproduce by budding

A

Yeasts

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21
Q

Example of yeast

A

Cryptococcus neoformans (capsulated yeast)

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22
Q

Grow partly as yeasts and partly as elongated cells resembling hyphae which are called

A

pseudo hyphae

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23
Q

Example of pseudo hyphae

A

Candida albicans

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24
Q

Produces creamy colonies resembling bacterial colonies

A

Yeast

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25
Q

Cottony mycelial mass

A

Mold

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26
Q

Form true mycelia & reproduce by formation of different types of spores.

A

Molds/ Filamentous fungi

Vegetative/ aerial hyphae

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27
Q

Example of molds/filamentous fungi

A

Rhizopus and Mucor

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28
Q

capable of single growth phase

A

Monomorphic

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29
Q

Example of monomorphic

A

Sepedonium

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30
Q

capable of 2 growth phases

A

Dimorphic

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31
Q

Grow in room temp 22-25degreeC

A

Molds

32
Q

Grow in body temp 37degreesC

A

Yeast

33
Q

Example of yeast

A

Sporothrix schenckii
Blastomyces dermatitides
Histoplasma capsulatum
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

34
Q

both mold and yeast phase in the sam culture

A

Polymorphism

35
Q

Example of polymorphism

A

Exophiala spp

36
Q

Nuclear division and reduction resulting in the formation of haploid nuclei without the cytoplasm
Chromosome number contained with haploid nuclei is 1⁄2 the number of chromosome in the mother cell

A

Meiosis

37
Q

Division of nuclear chromosome and
cytoplasm resulting to 2 daughter cells

A

Mitosis

38
Q

Characterized by feeding or trophic activities and also in the absorption of nutrients

A

Somatic phase

39
Q

2 general types:
◦ Asexual or Imperfect State (Anamorph)
◦ Sexual or Perfect State (Telemorph)

A

Reproductive Phase

40
Q

2 general types of Reproductive phase

A

Asexual or Imperfect State (Anamorph)
◦ Sexual or Perfect State (Telemorph)

41
Q

carried out by specialized fruiting structures known as CONIDIOGENOUS cells.

A

Asexual reproduction

42
Q

TWO COMMON CONNIDIOGENOUS
CELLS

A

PHIALIDES: vaselike strutures that produce phialoconidia
ANNELIDES: rringed structures that produce annelloconidia

43
Q

vaselike strutures that produce phialoconidia

A

PHIALIDES

44
Q

rringed structures that produce annelloconidia

A

ANNELIDES

45
Q

Imperfect Fungi (cannot reproduce sexually)

A

Asexual spores

46
Q

Perfect Fungi (can reproduce sexually)

A

Sexual Spores

47
Q

Arise from the side of the hyphae

A

Conidia

48
Q

– appear small and unicellular (Asexual spores; Conidia)

A

Microconidia

49
Q

large and multicellular (Asexual spores; Condidia)

A

Macroconidia

50
Q

Derived from simple budding

A

Blastoconidia

51
Q

– thick-walled spores that are formed during
unfavorable conditions;

A

Chlamydoconidia

52
Q

@ tip of the hyphae

A

Terminal Chlamydoconidia

53
Q

whithin the hyphal
strand

A

Intercalary Chlamydoconidia

54
Q

@ the side of the hyphae

A

Sessile Chlamydoconidia

55
Q

“Arthro” – joint (appear jointed)
Derived from fragmentation of mycelium Barrel-shaped or rectangular spores Disjunctor cell – empty cell between each spore Fungi with arthroconidia

A

Arthroconidia

56
Q

Fungi with arthroconidia

A

Coccidioides immitis
Geotrichum candidum

57
Q

Asexual spores are enclosed in a sporangium borne on a specialized hypha known as a

A

sporangiophore

58
Q

4 classes based in sexual spore formation

A

Zygomycetes
Ascomycetes
Basidiomycetes
Deuteromycetes (fungi imperfectii)

59
Q

A fungus that reproduces sexually known as

A

teleomorph

60
Q

asexual formed

A

ANAMORPH

61
Q

more than one anamorph is present for the same teleomorph

A

SYNANAMORPH

62
Q

◦ Enclosed in a sac-like structure called ascus
◦ 2-8 spores

A

Ascospores

63
Q

Derived from the fusion of 2 identical spores from the same hypha

A

Zygospores

64
Q

Derived from the fusion of 2 cells from non-identical separate hyphae

A

Oospores

65
Q

Enclosed in a club shaped structure called basidium

A

Basidiospores

66
Q

●Group of fungi whose sexual phases are not identified.
●Grow as molds as well as yeasts.
●Asexual stage – conidia
e.g. Candida, Cryptococcus

A

Deuteromycetes or Fungi mperfectii

67
Q

Asexual stage of Deuteromycetes or Fungi imperfectii

A

Conidia

68
Q

Example of Deuteromycetes or Fungi mperfectii

A

e.g. Candida, Cryptococcus

69
Q

Include fungi that are not completely classified due to the absence (not recognized) of sexual state

A

FUNGI IMPERFECTI

70
Q

Example of FUNGI IMPERFECTI

A

These include Candida, Torulopsis and Epidermophyton

71
Q

often opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised patients.
Produce profuse gray to white, aerial mycelium characterized by the presence of sparsely septate hyphae
Asexual reproduction is characterized by the presence of sporangiophores and sporangiospore
Sexual reproduction is zygospores

A

Zygomycota

72
Q

Common zygomycetes includes:

A

MUCOR, RHIZOPUS AND ABSIDIA

73
Q

Sexual reproduction of zygomycota

A

Zygospores

74
Q

Characterize by the production of sexual spores known as ASCOSPORES
Formed within a saclike structure known as an ASCUS

A

ASCOMYCOTA

75
Q

ASCOMYCOTA example

A

MICROSPORUM SPP;
TRICHOPHYTON SPP; PSEUDOLLESCHERIA SPP.

76
Q

One clue that a mould is basidiomycetes is the presence of

A

CLAMP CONNECTIONS

Myco Viro (11 decks)

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