B6-Life on earth-past, present and future

Question 1

what is the theory of evolution by natural selection?

Answer 1

-species are well adapted to their environment.
-new species are formed.
-there are changes in species over time.

Question 2

what is evolution?

Answer 2

changes in the inherited characteristics of a population over a number of generations.

Question 3

how do scientists define a species?

Answer 3

-they can breed together.
-their offspring can also breed.

Question 4

what is selective breeding?

Answer 4

ensuring that desirable features are passed on to the next generation of offspring, while undesirable features aren’t.

Question 5

what are fossils?

Answer 5

-the remains of dead organisms preserved in rocks.
-important in building up picture of evolution.

Question 6

what do transitional species show?

Answer 6

they show one possible way that the newer species could’ve evolved from the older one.

Question 7

what is an example of rapid evolution?

Answer 7

the appearance of bacteria resistant to antibiotics.

Question 8

what was identification and classification of an organism based on?

Answer 8

-external and internal structures, organs & tissues.
-whether the organism can makes its own food.
-cell structure.
-DNA analysis.
-the environment in which the organism lives.

Question 9

what is a genus?

Answer 9

-a number of similar genera.
-several similar species can be grouped together in this.

Question 10

what are the different types of classification?

Answer 10

-domain
-kingdom (king)
-phylum (prawns)
-class
-order (or)
-family (fat)
-genus (greasy)
-species (sausages)

Question 11

what is the earths biodiversity?

Answer 11

the enormous variety of different animal, plants, fungi, algae and microorganisms on earth.
-diversity of living organisms.
-diversity of ecosystems.

Question 12

what are the human causes of extinction?

Answer 12

-directly. (hunting)
-indirectly. (destroying habitats or bringing other species into an organism)

Question 13

how do human activities cause biodiversity loss?

Answer 13

-changing, damaging and destroying habitats.
-removing or killing too many organisms.
-directly polluting and contaminating ecosystems.

Question 14

what are the benefits of biodiversity?

Answer 14

-fresh water.
-clean air.
-fertile soil for crops.

Question 15

what are ecosystem services?

Answer 15

they provide for human needs.

Question 16

benefits of biodegradable waste?

Answer 16

-essential for ecosystem services.
-stops waste from building up to toxic levels.

Question 17

how can you protect biodiversity?

Answer 17

1.global level.
activities that reduce CO2 emissions.
2.ecosystem level.
protecting areas like forests and coral reefs.
3.species level.
protecting individual species (rhinos)
4.genetic level.
gene banks can store genetic material from plants (pollen) and animals (sperm)