Glomerular Dz Flashcards
(T/F) Low urine pH will falsely decrease proteins on a urine dipstick.
(T, vice versa is also true)
If you have a USG of > 1.012 and < 1.030, what value of protein (0, 1+, 2+, etc.) would indicate the need for UPC testing?
(2+ protein)
What are some pathological causes for prerenal proteinuria?
(Hemolysis (hemoglobin), rhabdomyolysis (myoglobin), and plasma cell cancers (immunoglobulins))
What are some functional causes for prerenal proteinuria?
(Strenuous exercise, fever, and seizures)
(T/F) The greater the magnitude of proteinuria, the greater the likelihood that the animal has glomerular dz vs. tubular dz.
(T, >0.5 in a dog and >0.4 in a cat is abnormal)
What is the drug of choice for proteinuria?
(ACE inhibitors → decreased efferent glomerular arteriolar resistance = decreased glomerular pressure = less albumin being shoved into the urine)
What drug might you add if hypertension in a case of glomerular dz persists after beginning an ACE inhibitor?
(Amlodipine)
What drug can be added to the treatment protocol for a glomerular dz case to prevent thromboemboli formation?
(Low dose aspirin or clopidogrel)
If a patient has stable glomerular dz and an IRIS CKD stage of 1 or 2, when should you see them back for re-evaluation?
(3-14 days after starting or changing therapy; its 3-5 days if unstable and IRIS CKD stage of 3 or 4)
When does a renal biopsy become necessary in a case of glomerular dz?
(When you cannot determine an underlying cause and/or you have treated the underlying cause and there is no resolution of the proteinuria; if end stage renal dz is present obv you don’t need a renal biopsy)
When should immunosuppressive therapy be considered for cases of glomerular dz? )
(When proteinuria is clearly glomerular in origin, immunosuppressives are not contraindicated, dog breed/age are not suggestive of familial nephropathy, amyloidosis has been ruled out, serum creatinine is >3.0 mg/dL or progressively increasing, or the serum albumin is <2.0 g/dL
