Systematic Carbon Chemistry

Question 1

What does the term saturated mean?

Answer 1

Compounds that contain c-c single bonds.

Question 2

What does the term unsaturated mean?

Answer 2

Compounds that contain at least one c=c double bond.

Question 3

What are the types of addition reactions?

Answer 3

1. Hydrogenation - Reaction between alkene and H2 which forms an alkane
2. Hydration - Reaction between an alkene and water which forms an alcohol
3. To form dihaloalkanes, alkenes react with halogens.

Question 4

What is the test for distinguishing saturated and unsaturated compounds?

Answer 4

Add bromine water
If the compound is unsaturated it will decolourise it.

Question 5

What is an isomer?

Answer 5

Isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

Question 6

Predict and explain the solubility, boiling point and volatility of a compound.

Answer 6

• The bigger the compound the higher the bp, this is because there are stronger LDF forces present (will be higher if there are hydrogen bonds or Pd-Pd interactions present)
• The bigger the compound the more soluble it will be. Polar and ionic compounds are usually more soluble in polar solvents
• The volatility is affected by the intermolecular forces present. in a bigger compound the less volatile it is