Transition metals Flashcards
1
Q
Transition metal
A
- d block element
- forms one or more ion with an incomplete d sub-shell
2
Q
Transition metal ions
A
- loses electrons from 4S sub-shell
- 3d electrons repel 4S electrons to higher energy level
3.
3
Q
Chromium electronic configuration
A
[Ar]4s13d5
4
Q
Copper electronic configuration
A
[Ar]4s13d10
5
Q
Transition metal properties
A
- form coloured compounds in more than one oxidation state
- form coloured compounds
- act as catalysts
- form various complex ions
- high melting and boiling point
6
Q
Various oxidation states
A
- lose 4S electrons- all form ion 2+
- similair atomic radius and ionisation energies
7
Q
Heterogenous catalysts
A
- use d orbitals to adsorb molecules
- can be toxic
- reduce energy for industrial processes
8
Q
Examples of catalysts
A
- iron in Haber process
- aqeous Cu2+ for zinc with acids
- MnO2 for decomposition of H2O2
9
Q
Ligand
A
- molecule or ion
- at least one lone pair of electrons
- bonds to central metal ion by dative co-ordinate bond
10
Q
Co-ordinate bond
A
- dative covalent
- between ligand and central metal ion
11
Q
Complex ion
A
ion with multiple molecules/anion bound to central metal ion by co-ordinate bonds
12
Q
Co-ordination number
A
number or co-ordinate bonds to central metal ion from surrounding ligands
13
Q
Co-ordination number 6
A
octahedral
90°
14
Q
Co-ordination number 4 with same ligand
A
tetrahedral
109.5°
15
Q
Co-ordination number 4 with different ligands
A
square planar
90°
