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A LEVEL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY > Bonding > Flashcards

Bonding Flashcards

1
Q

Ionic bonding

A
  1. electrostatic attraction
  2. between oppositely charged ions
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2
Q

Covalent bond

A
  1. electrostatic attraction
  2. between shared pair of electrons
  3. and nuclei of bonded atoms
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3
Q

Ionic lattice mpt

A
  1. electrostatic forces acting in all directions
  2. lots of energy required to overcome bonds
  3. high mpt and bpt
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4
Q

Ionic lattice conduction

A
  1. solid- ions held in fixed position
  2. no mobile charge carriers
  3. liquid- ions are mobile
  4. able to conduct
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5
Q

Ionic lattice solubility

A
  1. greater the ionic charge the less soluble an ionic compound
  2. water can overcome ionic bonds
  3. attracted to polar ions
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6
Q

Dative covalent bond

A
  1. one atoms donates lone pair of electrons
  2. electrostatic attraction between shared pair of electrons
  3. and nuclei of bonded atoms
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7
Q

Draw N2

A
  1. triple bond between
  2. lone pair on each
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8
Q

Draw H2CO

A
  1. double bond between CO
  2. single between CH
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9
Q

Draw NH3BF3

A
  1. dative bond between N and B
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10
Q

Draw NH4+

A
  1. dative covalent bond
  2. 1+ charge
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11
Q

Simple molecular mpt and bpt

A
  1. only have induced dipole-dipole forces
  2. weak
  3. require little energy to overcome
  4. low mpt and bpt
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12
Q

Simple molecular conduction

A
  1. no mobile charge carrier, ions or electrons
  2. can’t carry charge
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13
Q

Simple molecular solubility

A

soluble in non-polar solvents

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14
Q

Giant covalent structure examples

A
  1. Si8
  2. graphite
  3. diamond
  4. graphene
  5. silicon dioxide SiO2
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15
Q

Giant covalent mpt and bpt

A
  1. high
  2. large number of covalent bonds
  3. large amount of energy to overcome
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16
Q

Giant covalent conductivity

A
  1. graphite and graphene can
  2. delocalised electrons
  3. free to carry charge
17
Q

Electron pair repulsion theory

A
  1. electron pair repel each other round the central atom
  2. depends on number and type of pairs
  3. lone pairs repel more than bonded
18
Q

Two bonded pairs

A

linear
180°

19
Q

Three bonded pairs

A

Trigonal planar
120°

20
Q

Four bonded pairs

A

Tetrahedral
109.5°

21
Q

Five bonded pairs

A

Trigonal bipyramidal
120° and 90°

22
Q

Six bonded pairs

A

90°

23
Q

2 bonded pairs and 1 lone pairs

A

trigonal pyramidal
107°

24
Q

2 bonded pairs and 2 lone pairs

A

angular(bent)
104.5°

25
Q

Metallic bond

A

electrostatic attraction between delocalised electrons and positive metal cations

26
Q

Metallic lattice mpt and bpt

A
  1. strong metallic bonds
  2. requires lots of energy to overcome
  3. very high mpt and bpt
27
Q

Metallic lattice conductivity

A
  1. sea of delocalised electrons
  2. free to carry charge
28
Q

Metallic properties

A
  1. malleable- non directional and exists in all directions
  2. ductile- independent of shape
29
Q

Electronegativity

A

ability of an atom of an element to attract the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond

30
Q

Induced dipole-dipole interactions

A
  1. movement of electrons generates instantaneous dipole
  2. dipole induces others in neighbouring atoms
  3. generates weak temporary forces of attraction
31
Q

Hydrogen bonding

A
  1. strong electrostatic attraction between polar molecules
  2. contain hydrogen
  3. covalently bonded to F,O and N
  4. have high electronegativity
32
Q

Draw hydrogen bonding in water

A
33
Q

Water properties

A
  1. ice is less dense than water(interlocking hexagonal rings)
  2. high mpt and bpt

A LEVEL INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (16 decks)

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