8a – Female Tubular Genitalia I

Question 1

Uterine tubes (oviduct): components

Answer 1

1. Infundibulum (most complex, least muscular)
2. Ampulla
3. Isthmus
4. Uterotubal junction (least complex, most muscular)

Question 2

Infundibulum:

Answer 2

-closest to ovary and open=funnel
-has fingers=fimbria
-connects to ampulla

Question 3

Fimbria:

Answer 3

-thin and flexible
>can move on top of ovary

Question 4

Ampulla:

Answer 4

-lots of mucosal folds (primary, secondary, tertiary)
-ciliated and non-ciliated
-little bit of muscle
*more SOFT
-2/3

Question 5

Isthmus:

Answer 5

-more terminal part
*lots of MUSCLE
-1/3

Question 6

Ovarian bursa in dogs:

Answer 6

-fold of peritoneum (broad ligament)
-filled with lots of fat

Question 7

Ovarian bursa:

Answer 7

-pouch of mesosalpinx and mesovarium in which ovary protects itself

Question 8

Mare: proper ligament of ovary

Answer 8

-thickened broad ligament
>caudal free border of bursa

Question 9

What are the functions of the uterine tubes?

Answer 9

-capture and transport oocytes
-sperm transport and capacitation
-site of fertilization
-embryo transport and nutrition

Question 10

What are the 4 layers of the uterine tubes?

Answer 10

-tunica mucosa
-tunica submucosa
-tunica muscularis
-tunica serosa

Question 11

Uterine tubes: tunica mucosa

Answer 11

-pseudostratified epithelium
-ciliated and non-ciliated cells
>transport and to secret some fluid for the embryo

Question 12

Uterine tubes: tunica submucosa

Answer 12

-loose connective tissue
-no glands

Question 13

Uterine tubes: tunica muscularis

Answer 13

-inner circular
-outer longitudinal

Question 14

Uterine tubes: tunica serosa

Answer 14

-visceral peritoneum

Question 15

Primate uterus:

Answer 15

-single chamber with a fundus (blind-ended)
-embryo embeds in endometrium (‘creates a hole’) and is covered
>*why there is more bleeding compared to domestic animals

Question 16

Bicornuate uterus:

Answer 16

-half of the uterus is separated=uterine horns
>caudal part=uterine body (combined)
*fusion varies between species
-all domestic species

Question 17

Mare uterine body:

Answer 17

-largest
-still long uterine horns

Question 18

Uterus in general:

Answer 18

-horns straight or curled
-short body (except mares)
-3 layers
*longitudinal folds in mares
*caruncles in ruminants

Question 19

Longitudinal folds in mares:

Answer 19

-cumulate fluid close to estrus

Question 20

Horn ‘shape’ depends on:

Answer 20

-degree of ovarian migration

Question 21

What are the 3 layers of the uterus?

Answer 21

-perimetrium (serosa)
-myometrium (muscularis)
-endometrium (mucosa)

Question 22

Perimetrium (serosa):

Answer 22

-continuous with broad ligaments
-visceral peritoneum

Question 23

Myometrium (muscularis):

Answer 23

-outer longitudinal=continues directly to the broad ligament
-inner circular
*smooth muscle

Question 24

Endometrium (mucosa):

Answer 24

-mucosa and submucosa together
-luminal epithelium

Question 25

Corpus-cornual junction:

Answer 25

-area where the 2 uterine horns and uterine body meet

Question 26

What are the functions of the uterus?

Answer 26

-sperm transport
-site of embroyonic attachment (‘implantation’)
-embryonic/fetal nutrition
-contractions during parturition
-regulation of corpus luteum

Question 27

Llama’s uterus:

Answer 27

*become pregnant in L uterine horn (maybe b/c it is slightly larger?)

Question 28

Broad ligament:

Answer 28

-double layer of visceral peritoneum
-separated by prominent smooth muscle layer
*suspends the entire reproductive tract
-separates pelvic cavity into dorsal (recto-genital) and ventral (vesico-genital) cavities

Question 29

3 components of broad ligament:

Answer 29

-mesovarium
-mesosalpinx
-mesometrium

Question 30

Mesovarium (broad ligament):

Answer 30

-suspends ovaries

Question 31

Mesosalpinx (broad ligament):

Answer 31

-suspends uterine tubes (oviducts)

Question 32

Mesometrium (broad ligament):

Answer 32

-suspends uterine horns and uterine body

Question 33

Parametrium:

Answer 33

-collective term used to describe the connective tissue, smooth muscle, nerves and vessels found between the peritoneal layers of the mesometrium

Question 34

Dogs and cats: ovary migration and position

Answer 34

-remain close to where they develop (close to kidneys)
-proper ligament=attaches ovary to uterus
-suspensory ligament=attaches ovary to kidney (and then to diaphragm)

Question 35

Round ligament of uterus:

Answer 35

-along ventral or lateral aspect of broad ligament from tip of horn to inguinal canal
-very prominent in bitch

Question 36

Horse: ovary migration and position

Answer 36

-don’t migrate much
-uterus is folded slightly
*broad ligament attaches to dorsal aspect

Question 37

Bovine: ovary migration and position

Answer 37

-migrate closer to pelvic inlet
-coiled uterine horns
-dorsal and ventral intercornual ligament (between the L and R uterine horns)
*pregnancies are often ipsilateral (on same side as CL)

Question 38

Caruncles in ruminants:

Answer 38

-‘button like’ areas
-where placental attachments will happen=placentomes
-20-25 in each row (80-100 total)
*convex=bovine
*concave=ovine

Question 39

Intercornual ligaments in domestic mammals:

Answer 39

-cows=2
-others=1 or none

Question 40

Necrotic tips of uterine horns in a pregnancy:

Answer 40

-allantois supplies the vasculature of the chorion and amnion but does NOT extend to the tips of the chorionic sac

Question 41

Ewe. Vs. sow length of uterine horns:

Answer 41

-sow is longer=have multiple babies