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GCSE REVISION > SCIENCE GCSE > Flashcards

SCIENCE GCSE Flashcards

1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

Regulating the conditions of the human body

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2
Q

What conditions require control in the human body?

A

Body temperature
Blood glucose level
Water content

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3
Q

What structures are involved in the nervous system?

A

Brain
Spinal Cord
Network of nerves

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4
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

Helps all other parts of the body communicate with each other

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5
Q

What are the structures of a reflex arc? What order do electrical impulses pass through them?

A

Receptors->sensory neuron->spinal cord->motor neuron->muscle

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6
Q

Why are reflex actions important? Why are they automatic?

A

Reflex actions protect us from danger
They don’t need to send a signal to the brain

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7
Q

How do hormones travel round the body?

A

They are passed straight into the bloodstream

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8
Q

What is the system for glands?

A

The endocrine system

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9
Q

What is the role of oestrogen?
Where is it produced?

A

Thickens the uterus lining
Produced in ovaries

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10
Q

What is the role of progesterone?
Where is it produced?

A

Prepares the uterus lining for a fertilised egg to implant and grow
Produced in ovaries

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11
Q

What is the role of testosterone?
Where is it produced?

A

Helps develop the male human body
Produced in testes

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12
Q

What is the role of insulin?
Where is it produced?

A

Reduce blood glucose levels
Produced in pancreas

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13
Q

What is the role of glucose?
Where is it produced?

A

Provides energy for cells
Produced in liver

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14
Q

What is the role of adrenaline?
Where is it produced?

A

Increases the blood flow to the heart
Produced in adrenal glands

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15
Q

What is the role of LH?
Where is it produced?

A

Stimulates testosterone release
Produced in pituitary gland

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16
Q

What is the role of TSH?
Where is it produced?

A

Tells your thyroid how much thyroid hormone it needs to make
Produced in pituitary gland

17
Q

What is the role of thyroxine?
Where is it produced?

A

Controls how much energy your body uses
Produced in thyroid gland

18
Q

What is a negative feedback cycle?
What hormones operate using a negative feedback loop

A

The action taken by a body to return it to its normal level
Insulin and glucagon

19
Q

What are the 4 main hormones in the menstrual cycle?
What do they do?

A

LH- Stimulates testosterone release
FSH- Helps control the menstrual cycle
Oestrogen-Thickens uterus lining
Progesterone- Prepares uterus lining for a fertilised egg to be implanted

20
Q

What is fertilisation?

A

Fusing the 2 sex cells

21
Q

Where and why does meiosis happen?

A

Testes and ovaries
Ensures all organisms produced by sexual reproduction have the correct amount of chromosomes

22
Q

What is DNA?

A

the chemical that makes up the genetic material of humans

23
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

Multiple strands of DNA

24
Q

What is a gene?

A

Section of DNA that controls a cells chemistry- especially protein production.

25
Q

What is a genome?
Why is it useful?

A

Entire genetic material of an organism
Genomes allow humans to grow

26
Q

What is a gamete?

A

Reproductive cell of animal or plant

27
Q

What is an allele?

A

Different versions of the same gene

28
Q

What are some benefits and risks of genetic engineering?

A

Fights disease
Reduced cost for food/drug production

Cross contamination
Poisoned wildlife

29
Q

What are the steps of genetic engineering?

A

Introduces a gene from one organism into the genome of another organism to get the best characteristics

GCSE REVISION (7 decks)

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