cardiac disorders pt. 1

Question 1

what 3 conditions fall under acute coronary syndromes?

Answer 1

-unstable angina
-NSTEMI
-STEMI

Question 2

what are the 3 vascular disorders?

Answer 2

-aortic aneurysm
-aortic dissection
-peripheral arterial disease

Question 3

what are the “pump, pool, and pipes”

Answer 3

pump = contractility
pool = blood vessels
pipes = blood&fluid

Question 4

what do all of the acute coronary syndromes result from?

Answer 4

coronary artey disease (plaque in heart)

Question 5

describe blood flow in unstable angine, nstemi, stemi

Answer 5

unstable angina has the most bloodflow, nstemi has less flow but not complete blockage, stemi has complete blockage

Question 6

when do the coronary arteries fill?

Answer 6

during diastole

Question 7

what 2 arteries does the left main coronary artery supply blood to?

Answer 7

circumflex coronary artery
left anterior descending coronary artery

Question 8

what is “chest pain” or discomfort caused by decreased blood flow to the heart
-symptom of CAD

Answer 8

angina pectoris

Question 9

what does angina result from?

Answer 9

oxygen supply-demand imbalance as a result of CAD

Question 10

is angina always int he chest?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

what kind of patients have atypical angina (not in chest)

Answer 11

women
age > 65
diabetics

Question 12

does unstable angine require immediate treatment?

Answer 12

yes

Question 13

what is a patient at risk for with unstable angina?

Answer 13

AMI
dysrhytmias
sudden cardiac death (SCD)

Question 14

what is the “gold standard” cardiac diagnostic test?

Answer 14

12-lead EKG

Question 15

what does an ST elevation indicate?

Answer 15

part of the heart is dying!
STEMI

Question 16

what does ST depression or T wave inversion mean?

Answer 16

ischemia

Question 17

what is the cardiac biomarker to diagnose AMI

Answer 17

troponin

Question 18

when do yo ustop drawing troponins?

Answer 18

when you see a peak

Question 19

which kind of troponin is the contractile protein not present in healthy individuals?

Answer 19

troponin I

Question 20

which troponin is an isoenzyme released due to myocardial injury?

Answer 20

troponin T

Question 21

which diagnostic test differentiates a NSTEMI from UA?

Answer 21

troponins

Question 22

which is the most serious acute coronary syndrome and requires immediate intervention?

Answer 22

STEMI