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critical care > pulmonary pt. 1 > Flashcards

pulmonary pt. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the membrane lining the chest wall?

A

parietal pleura

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2
Q

what is the membrane lining the lung parenchyma

A

visceral pleura

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3
Q

what decreases surface tension in alveoli and makes it easier to inflate

A

surfactant

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4
Q

movement of air in and out of lungs

A

ventilation

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5
Q

movement/flow of blood

A

perfusion

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6
Q

movement of gasses across the pulmonary membrane

A

diffusion

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7
Q

describe a normal VQ unit

A

normal ventilation (v)
normal perfusion (Q)
everything working correct

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8
Q

describe a shunt unit (VQ)

A

perfusion > ventilation
blood passes alveolus without gas exchange

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9
Q

examples of shunt unit

A

pneumonia, atelectasis, tumor, mucus plug

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10
Q

describe a deadspace unit

A

ventilation > perfusion
does not participate in gas exchange

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11
Q

examples of deadspace unit

A

PE
pulmonary infarction

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12
Q

what is the oxygen dissolved in plasma called

A

PaO2

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13
Q

what is oxygen bound to hemoglobin called?

A

SaO2

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14
Q

s/sx of hypoxemia

A

tachypnea, dyspnea
use of accessory muscles
cool, pale, clamy
restless, agitation, irritability, confusion, dec. LOC
tachycardia, HTN, palpitations, CP, dysrhythmia

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15
Q

which part of an ABG tells ventilation status?

A

PaCO2

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16
Q

term for high CO2

A

hypercapnia

17
Q

s/sx of hypercapnia

A

same as hypoxemia
HA, drowsiness!, dec. LOC, blurred vision, confusion, seizures
flushed, clamy skin

18
Q

normal pH

A

7.35-7.45

19
Q

normal PaCO2 (acid)

A

35-45

20
Q

normal HCO3 (base)

A

22-26

21
Q

normal PaO2

A

80-100

22
Q

normal SaO2

A

93-99%

23
Q

which ABG value is the respiratory parameter

A

PaCO2

24
Q

which ABG value is the metabolic parameter

A

HCO3

25
Q

what shows partial compensation

A

when PaCO2 and HCO3 are opposite (one is base and one is acid), pH still abnormal

26
Q

when is an ABG fully compensated

A

when pH is in normal range

27
Q

what value of PaO2 shows hypoxemia

A

<80

28
Q

critical zone of PaO2

A

<60

29
Q

a PaO2 of 60 is = to a SaO2 of ?

A

90

30
Q

interpret

pH 7.29
CO2 65
HCO3 24
PaO2 88
SaO2 86

A

resp acidosis no comp.

31
Q

interpret

pH 7.32
CO2 60
HCO3 30
PaO2 78
SaO2 86

A

resp acidosis partial comp. w/ hypoxemia

32
Q

interpret

pH 7.49
CO2 48
HCO3 38
PaO2 88
SaO2 86

A

met alk partial comp.

33
Q

interpret

pH 7.43
CO2 54
HCO3 30
PaO2 82
SaO2 86

A

met alk fully comp

34
Q

interpret

pH 7.25
CO2 56
HCO3 15
PaO2 66
SaO2 91

A

mixed acidosis w/ hypoxemia

critical care (23 decks)

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