Position and Draping

Question 1

• its the essential aspect of nursing practice
• place or arrange client to specific types of test or assessment

Answer 1

Patient Positioning

Question 2

Goals of patient positioning

Answer 2

• patient comfort and safety
• maintain patient dignity and privacy
• allows maximum visibility and access for the health worker

Question 3

Principle of patient positioning

Answer 3

• you must explain the procedure
• encourage clients assistance
• get adequate help if needed
• use mechanical aids when available
• raise or lower clients bed
• frequently change the position of the patient to prevent bed sores
• avoid friction and shearing
• practice proper body mechanics

Question 4

Common positions
- patient is face up with their head resting on a pad positioner or pillow and their neck in a neutral position. The patient’s arms, maintained in a neutral thumb-up or supinated position, may be tucked at their sides or abducted to less than 90 degrees on armboards

• used for intracranial procedures as well as procedures on the anterior surface of the body
• Also known as Dorsal Decubitus,

Answer 4

Supine Position

Question 5

Contraindication of supine position

Answer 5

poorly tolerated by clients with cardiovascular problem

Question 6

Common positions

• provide surgical access to the dorsal aspects of the patient’s body
• used for spine and neck surgeries, neurosurgery, colorectal surgeries, vascular surgeries, and tendon repairs
• patient is positioned face-down with their head in a neutral position without excessive flexion, extension, or rotation. The patient’s arms should be abducted less than 90 degrees with the elbows flexed and palms down to maintain neutral alignment of the arms and wrists
• produces an increase in functional residual capacity and alterations in the distribution of both ventilation and perfusion throughout the lungs which leads to an improvement in the ventilation/perfusion matching and consequently, an improvement in oxygenation
• offers surgical access to the dorsal (posterior) aspects of the patient’s body, such as the spine, neck, and shoulders

Answer 6

Prone Position

Question 7

Contraindications of Prone Position

Answer 7

Elderly

Question 8

Common positions

• patient lies on one side
• used for procedures that require surgical access to one side of the patient’s body
• used for surgical access to the thorax, kidney, retroperitoneal space, and hip.

Answer 8

Lateral Position

Question 9

Contraindications of

Answer 9

• brachial plexus injury
• venous pooling
• diminished lung capacity and DVT (Deep vein thrombosis)

Question 10

Common positions
- variation of the left lateral position
- patient is usually awake and helps by rolling to his or her left side

Answer 10

Sim’s position

Question 11

Common positions

• similar to the supine position of the body when the patient is face-up, arms to the sides, but the legs are separated, raised, and supported in a boot-style leg holder or stirrup-style position
• used during childbirth since it provides the doctor with good access to the mother and the baby

Answer 11

Lithotomy Position

Question 12

Contraindications of Lithotomy Position

Answer 12

Contractures or hip joint diseases

Question 13

Common positions

• patient lies on the back with the lower extremities moderately flexed and rotated outward. It is employed in the application of obstetrical forceps, repair of lesions following parturition, vaginal examination, and bimanual palpation
• used for medical examinations and procedures involving the abdominal and pelvic regions due to its ability to provide clear visibility and accessibility to these areas.

Answer 13

Dorsal Recumbent Position

Question 14

Contraindications of Dorsal Recumbent Position

Answer 14

• patients with respiratory conditions or those experiencing difficulty in breathing
• individuals with lower back pain or knee and hip ailments

Question 15

Common positions

• aka Kraske position
• involves positioning an individual on their stomach (i.e., prone) with hips flexed at a 90-degree angle and their head and legs lower than their hips
• provides visibility of the anorectal area
• allows the surgeon to have improved handling of surgical instruments while maintaining ergonomic posture during a procedure where it may be difficult to reach the surgical field

Answer 15

Jackknife position

Question 16

Contraindications of Jackknife position

Answer 16

• pregnancy or obesity, and orthopedic factors
• comorbid conditions affecting the heart, blood vessels, and lungs or if there are any concerns for maintaining the patient’s airway

Question 17

Common positions
- bringing the knees to the chest and may be useful in certain medical situations. Individuals will be asked to flex (i.e., bend) their hips and knees so that their knees reach their chest; the hips may also be abducted

• can be either prone or supine
• used in obstetrics and gynecology

Answer 17

Knee Chest position

Question 18

Contraindications of Knee Chest Postition

Answer 18

• maternal cardiovascular disease, preexisting maternal tachycardia, fluid overload, maternal thyrotoxicosis, and possibly abruptio placenta.

Question 19

Common positions
- commonly used during lower abdominal surgeries and central venous catheter placement
- head declined below their feet at an angle of roughly 16°

Answer 19

Trendelenburg’s Position

Question 20

Contraindictions of Trendelenburg’s Position

Answer 20

obese patients

Question 21

Common positions
- head of the bed that is raised
- patient’s head is higher than his feet

Answer 21

Reverse Trendelenburg Position

Question 22

Common positions
- Also known as sitting position
- used for neurosurgery and shoulder surgeries

Answer 22

Standard Fowler’s Position

Question 23

Common positions
- like Supine Position, is when a patient’s head is included at a 15–30-degree angle
- used post-procedure, to reduce lower back pain, administer drugs and prevent aspiration during tube feeding
- considered the best position for patients to rest

Answer 23

Low Fowler’s Position

Question 24

Common Positions
- patient is usually on their back
- bed angle is between 30 degrees and 45 degrees
- legs of the patient may be straight or bent
- used when the patient faces difficulty breathing or is undergoing breathing treatments and when drainage occurs after an abdominoplasty.
- preferred position during childbirth to improve the comfort of the mother

Answer 24

Semi Fowler’s Position

Question 25

Common positions
- patient is usually seated upright with their spine straight
- upper body is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees
- legs of the patient may be straight or bent
- used when the patient is defecating, eating, swallowing, taking X-Rays, or to help with breathing.

Answer 25

High/Full Fowler’s Position

Question 26

Common Positions
- used to help decrease the breathing effort of individuals experiencing dyspnea or shortness of breath, primarily due to orthopnea
- sitting position where the individual leans slightly forward with their arms propped up in front of them on an overbed table that may have a pillow

Answer 26

orthopneic position

Question 27

• act of placing a piece of cloth over patient during examination or surgical operation to cover areas of the body that is not needed

Answer 27

Patient Draping

Question 28

Purposes of Draping

Answer 28

• Privacy, Dignity, Modesty
• warmth
• hygiene

Question 29

What to consider during draping

Answer 29

• position of client
• procedure
• temperature of room
• avoid unnecessary exposure
• must be loose but secure
• consider the feelings of patient

Question 30

Draping Guidelines

Answer 30

• promote self reliance
• expose the area needed only
• keep legal considerations in mind