Summary 12 - Opposition from within the army and civilian critics

Question 1

What can be considered as the intellectual powerhouse of the non-communist opposition?

Answer 1

The Kreisau Circle

Question 2

The Kreisau Circle was centred around the home of who?

Answer 2

Count Helmut von Moltke

Question 3

Who was Count Helmut von Moltke?

Answer 3

He was an aristocratic Prussian lawyer and Christian.

Question 4

Give examples of the occupations of people who were in the Kreisau Circle?

Answer 4

Aristocrats
Lawyers
SPD politicians
Churchmen

Question 5

How many meetings did the Kreisau Circle hold in 1942 and early 1943?

Answer 5

3

Question 5

How many people were in the Kreisau Circle?

Answer 5

20

Question 5

Give some of the common beliefs which members of the Kreisau Circle held?

Answer 5

All of the members believed in personal freedom and individual responsibility.

Question 6

During the meetings of the Kreisau Circle they drew up a document called ‘ Basic principles for a New Order.’ What did this involve?

Answer 6

This was a blueprint for a new Germany based upon democratic principles.

Question 7

When was the Kreisau Circle broken up?

Answer 7

It was broken up by the Gestapo in April 1943.