E3: Reptilia Flashcards
How many species of Reptilia?
7000 species
What is the limiting factor to reptile habitat?
Temperature
How many chambers in the heart fo reptilia have?
3.5 to 4 chambers
- 2 atria (right and left)
- incomplete ventricular septum or 2 seperate ventricles
What were reptiles the first tetrapods to do?
Break their ties with water (reproduction wise)
What kind of egg do reptiles lay?
Cleidoic egg - a completely closed egg that contains everything that the developing embryo needs.
Contains an amnion - protective membrane that houses the fetus
Why do reptiles have a secondary palate? What is the significance?
- separate airflow from mouth
- allows organism to eat food and breath at the same time.
Define neopallium
- Outer layer of brain that forms the cerebral cortex in higher amniotes
- The cerebral cortex is responsible to thoughts, memory, and experiances.
What kind of “kidney” do reptiles have?
Metanephros - remove toxic wate without losing water. Not primitive, but not advanced.
Define cloaca
Common sewer
Cloaca function in reptiles
Waste and gametes are extreted (from the same opening)
What two things do the egg not provide for the fetus and what conditions do they need to survive?
- gas, need access to oxygen
- water, need humidity to allow diffusion of oxygen (not too wet)
What are the disadvanges to reptiles with incomplete ventricular septums?
- mixing of oxygenatied /deoxygenated blood
Why are reptiles able to survive with an incomplete ventricular septum?
They are ectothermic, so they do not need as much oxygen. Even with the IVS, they recieve adequate oxygen.
What are the orders of class reptilia?
- Crocodila (crocs and alligators)
- Chelonia (turtles, tortoises)
- Squamata (lizards, snakes)
- Sphenodontia (Tuatara)
What are the epidermal scales made of?
Keratin (shedding)
