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comptia a+ core 1 > 13. Network Configurations > Flashcards

13. Network Configurations Flashcards

1
Q

What configuration layer is responsible for putting frames in the physical network’s transmission media, and whose data can only travel through the local area network?

A

Link/Network Interface Layer

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2
Q

What configuration layer is used to address packets and route them across the network?

A

Internet Layer

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3
Q

What configuration layer shows how to send packets, and what are its two protocols?

A

Transport Layer | Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

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4
Q

What network configuration layer contains all the protocols that perform higher-level functions?

A

Application Layer

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5
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class A IPv4 address, and how many Class A hosts can there be?

A

1~127 | 16.7 million (256^3)

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6
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class B IPv4 address, and how many Class B hosts can there be?

A

128~191 | 65,536 (256^2)

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7
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class C IPv4 address, and how many Class C hosts can there be?

A

192~223 | 256

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8
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class D IPv4 address?

A

224~239

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9
Q

What are the possible 1st Octet Values of a Class E IPv4 address, and how many Class E hosts can there be?

A

240~255 | 268 million (reserved)

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10
Q

What refers to a logical identifier for a group of hosts in a computer network?

A

Multicast Address

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11
Q

What refers to a default subnet mask for a given class of IP addresses?

A

Classful Mask

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12
Q

What allows for borrowing some of the host bits and reassigning them to the network portion?

A

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

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13
Q

What are the CIDR notations for Class A, B, and C IP addresseS?

A

/8 | /16 | /24

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14
Q

What three 1st Octet Values are included among private IP ranges?

A

10 | 172 | 192

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15
Q

What allows for routing private IPs through a public IP?

A

Network Address Translation (NAT)

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16
Q

What are the NAT starting values for Class A, B, and C IP addresses?

A

10 | 172.16~172.31 |192.168

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17
Q

What is the Loopback Address often used for and what are its Octet Values?

A

Troubleshooting and testing a system’s network protocols | 127.0.0.1

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18
Q

What is used when a device does notm have a static IP or cannot reach a DHCP server, allows for quick configuration of a LAN without the need for a DHCP server, and whose assigned devices cannot communicate outside the LAN or with non-assigned devices?

A

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

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19
Q

What are the possible APIPA Octet Values, and what does the acronym DORA stand for?

A

169.254.0~255.0~255 | Discover Offer Request Acknowledge

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20
Q

What IPv4 assignment method involves manually typing the IP addresses for the host, its subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server?

A

Static assignment

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21
Q

What converts the domain names used by a website to the IP address of its server, and is like the internet version of a phonebook?

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

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22
Q

What identifies NetBIOS systems on a TCP/IP network and converts their names to IP addresses?

A

Windows Internet Name Service (WINS)

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23
Q

What dynamically assigns IP addresses and allows a workstation to load a copy of a boot image to a network?

A

Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)

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24
Q

What assigns an IP based on an assignable scope or addresses and provides the ability to configure other options, eliminates configuration errors, and is a modern version of BOOTP?

A

Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP)

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25
Q

What range of IPs is leased by DHCP for a period of time and return to the pool when their leases expire?

A

192.168.1.100~200

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26
Q

What is a new technology with the same features as APIPA, assigns an IPv4 link-local address to a client, and resolves computer names to IP addresses without the need for DNS by using multicast DNS (mDNS)?

A

Zero Configuration (ZeroConf)

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27
Q

What ZeroConf service discoveries are performed on Windows and Linux networks, respectively?

A

Windows = Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) | Linux = SystemD

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28
Q

How many IPs are available for DHCP to lease?

A

254

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29
Q

What is a domain name under a top-level provider?

A

Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)

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30
Q

What is the DNS sequence of identification?

A

Root (answers requests in the root zone) > Top-level Domain (ex: .com, .net) > Second-level Domain (xyz.com) > Subdomain (mail.xyz.com) > Host (refers to a specific machine.server)

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31
Q

What contains the FQDN with the method of accessing information?

A

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

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32
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Address” and the function “Links a hostname to an IPv4 address”?

A

A

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33
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Address” and the function “Links a hostname to an IPv6 address”?

A

AAAA

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34
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Canonical Name” and the function “Points a domain to another domain or subdomain”?

A

CNAME

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35
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Mail Exchange” and the function “Directs emails to a mail server”?

A

MX

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36
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Text” and the function “Adds text to the DNS”?

A

TXT

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37
Q

Which DNS record has the description “Nameserver” and the function “Indicates which DNS nameserver has the authority”?

A

NS

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38
Q

CNAME records can only be used to point to another domain or subdomain, and not to what?

A

An IP address

39
Q

What is a DNS record that identifies the host authorized to send mail for the domain?

A

Sender Policy Framework (SPF)

40
Q

What provides the cryptographic authentication mechanism for mail using a public key published as a DNS record?

A

DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM)

41
Q

What is a framework used for proper application of SFP and DKIM, utilizing a policy that’s published as a DNS record?

A

Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting & Conformance (DMARC)

42
Q

What type of DNS server stores all the DNS records for a given domain?

A

Nameserver

43
Q

What allows cloud instances on the same network access each other using internal DNS names?

A

Internal DNS

44
Q

What refers to records created around the domain names from a central authority and used on the public internet?

A

External DNS

45
Q

What tells the DNS resolver how long to cache a query before requesting a new one?

A

Time to Live (TTL)

46
Q

What makes a local copy of every DNS entry it resolves as connected to websites?

A

DNS Resolver / DNS Cache

47
Q

What refers to when a DNS server communicates with several other DNS servers to hunt down the IP address and return it to the client?

A

Recursive Lookup

48
Q

What refers to when each DNS server responds directly to the client with an IP address for another DNS server that may have the correct IP address?

A

Iterative Lookup

49
Q

What allows different logical networks to share the same physical hardware and provides added security & efficiency?

A

Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN)

50
Q

What refers to when multiple VLANs are transmitted over the same physical cable?

A

VLAN Trunking (802.1q)

51
Q

What are the two types of 4-byte identifiers for VLAN?

A

Tag Protocol Identifier (TPI) | Tag Control Identifier (TCI)

52
Q

Which VLAN is left untagged?

A

The Native VLAN

53
Q

What extends a private network across a public network and enables sending & receiving data across shared or public networks?

A

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

54
Q

What routes & encrypts all network requests through the VPN connection back to the headquarters?

A

Full Tunnel VPN

55
Q

What routes & encrypts only the traffic bound for the headquarters over the VPN, and sends the rest of the traffic to the regular internet?

A

Split Tunnel VPN

56
Q

What creates a secure remote-access VPN tunnel using a web browser without requiring a software or hardware client?

A

Clientless VPN

57
Q

What provides cryptography and reliability using the upper layers (5, 6, and 7) of the OSI model?

A

Secure Socket Layer (SSL)

58
Q

What provides secure web browsing over HTTPS?

A

Transport Layer Security (TLS)

59
Q

How many addresses does IPv4 support?

A

4.2 billion (2^32)

60
Q

How many addresses does IPv^ support?

A

340 undecillion (2^128)

61
Q

What are five concepts from the experimental IPv5 have been incorporated into IPv6?

A

Larger address space | No broadcasts | No fragmentation | Can coexist with IPv4 | Simplified header

62
Q

What refers to simultaneously running both the IPv4 and IPv6 protocols on the same network devices?

A

Dual Stack

63
Q

What allows an existing IPv4 router to carry IPv6 traffic?

A

Tunneling

64
Q

Which type of IPv6 unicast address functions like IPv4’s unicast cass A, B, C addresses, and begins with 2000~3999?

A

Globally routed

65
Q

Which type of IPv6 unicast address is used like a private IP in IPv4 that can only be used on the LAN, and begins with FE80?

A

Link-Local / Local Use

66
Q

What eliminates the need to obtain addresses or other configuration information from a central server?

A

Stateless Address Autoconfiguration (SLAAC)

67
Q

What is used to identify a set of interfaces, and begins with FF?

A

Multicast address

68
Q

What is used to identify a set of interfaces to that a packet can be sent to any member of a set?

A

Anycast address

69
Q

What allows a host to assign itself a unique 64-but IPv6 interface identifier called an EU-64?

A

Extended Unique Identifier (EUI)

70
Q

What is used to determine the Layer 2 addresses on a given network?

A

Neighbor Discover Protocol (NDP)

71
Q

What range of numbers can Ports exist on?

A

0~65,535

72
Q

Which Ports are considered well-known and are assigned by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)

A

0~1023

73
Q

Which Ports are considered registered and are usually assigned to proprietary protocols?

A

1024~49151

74
Q

Which Ports can be used by any application without being registered with IANA?

A

49,152~65,535

75
Q

Which Ports are used for File Transfer Protocol (FTP), which provides insecure file transfers?

A

20, 21

76
Q

Which Port is used by Secure Shell (SSH), which provides secure remote control of another machine using a text-based environment?

A

22

77
Q

Which Port is used by Telnet, which provides insecure remote control of another machine using a text-based environment?

A

23

78
Q

Which Port is used by Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), which provides the ability to send emails over the network?

A

25

79
Q

Which Port is used by Domain Name Service (DNS), which converts domain names to IP addresses, and IP address
to domain names?

A

53

80
Q

Which Ports are used by Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), which automatically provides network parameters such as assigned IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and
the DNS server

A

67, 68

81
Q

Which Port is used by Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which is used for insecure web browsing?

A

80

82
Q

Which Port is used by Post Office Protocol Version Three (POP3), which is used for receiving incoming emails?

A

110

83
Q

Which Port is used by Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS), which is used for file or printer sharing in a Windows network?

A

137, 139

84
Q

Which Port is used by Internet Mail Application Protocol (IMAP), which is a newer version of retrieving incoming emails and improves upon POP3?

A

143

85
Q

Which Port is used by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), which is used to collect data about network devices and monitor their status?

A

161, 162

86
Q

Which Port is used by Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP), which is used to provide directory services to your network?

A

389

87
Q

Which Port is used by HTTPS?

A

443

88
Q

Which Port is used by Server Message Block (SMB), which is used for Widnows file and printer sharing services?

A

445

89
Q

Which Port is used by Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), which provides remote GUI control of another client or server?

A

3389

90
Q

What is a connection-oriented protocol and a reliable way to transport segments across a network?

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

91
Q

What is a connectionless protocol that transmits segments called data grams?

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

92
Q

What are three examples of TCP?

A

SSH, HTTP, HTTPS

93
Q

What are four examples of UDP?

A

Audio, video streaming, DHCP, and TFTP

comptia a+ core 1 (13 decks)

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