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CompTIA A+ Core 1 > 14. Network Services > Flashcards

14. Network Services Flashcards

1
Q

What network service provides the ability for a Linux or Unix server to be able to host files or printers that can be then used by Windows clients running the SMB protocol?

A

Samba

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2
Q

What refers to extensible web server software, created by Microsoft (HTTP, HHTP/2, and HTTPS)?

A

Intenet Information Services (IIS)

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3
Q

What is the current most popular way to run a server?

A

Apache

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4
Q

What functions as a reverse proxy, load balancer, mail proxy, and HTTP cache?

A

NGINX

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5
Q

What combines the fully qualified domain name with e protocol at the beginning?

A

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

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6
Q

What is the standardized framework used for port-based authentication on wired and wireless networks?

A

802.1x

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7
Q

What is a database used to centralize information about clients and objects on the network?

A

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)

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8
Q

What provides centralized administration of dial-up, VPN, and wireless authentication services for 802.1x and the EAP? What layer does it operate at and which network protocol does it use?

A

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) | Application layer | UDP

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9
Q

What is a Cisco proprietary version of RADIUS that can perform the role of an authenticator in 802.1x networks?

A

Termincal Access Controller Access-Control System Plus (TACACS+)

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10
Q

What is an authentication protocol used by Windows to provide for two-way (mutual) authentication using a system of tickets? What can be a single point of failiure for it?

A

Kerberos | A domain controller

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11
Q

What sends text-based commands to remote devices and is a very old networking protocol that should never be used to connect to secure devices?

A

Telnet Port 23

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12
Q

What encrypts everything that is being sent and received between a client and server?

A

Secure Shell (SSH) Port 22

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13
Q

What provides a GUI to connect to another computer of a network connection, and into which RDG (remote desktop gateway) creates a secure connection to tunnel?

A

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) Port 3389

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14
Q

What is designed for thin client architectures?

A

Virtual Network Computing Port (VNC) Port 5900

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15
Q

What is any kind of software that replicates the TTY I/O (terminal of communiucation between device and user) functionality to remotedly connect to a device?

A

Terminal Emulator (TTY)

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16
Q

What enables different appliances and software applications to transmit logs to a centralized server, and is the de facto standard for logging events by including a PRI (priority) code, header, and message?

A

Syslog

17
Q

What is a TCP/IP protocol that aids in monitoring network-attached devices and computers?

A

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP

18
Q

What refers to software that is loaded on a managed device to redirect information to the network management system?

A

Agents

19
Q

What is software running on one or more servers to control the monitoring of network-attached devices and computers?

A

Network Management System (NMS)

20
Q

What are three benefits to using a proxy server, which refers to devices that create a network connectio between an end user’s client machine and a remote resource (web server)?

A

Increased network speed & efficiency | Increased security | Additional auditing capabilities

21
Q

What distributes incoming requests across several servers inside a server farm or cloud infrastructure, and is a key thing to help defend against a DoS or DDoS attack?

A

Load balancer / Content switch

22
Q

What refers to a continual flooding of victim systems with requests for services, causing the system to crash?

A

Denial of Service (DoS)

23
Q

What identifies any attacking IP addresses and routes their traffic through a null interface?

A

Blackholing/sinkholing

24
Q

What works for small-scale attacks against DoS?

A

Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)

25
Q

What refers to rule sets placed on the firewalls, routers, and other network devices that permit or allow traffic through a particular interface?

A

Access Control List (ACL)

26
Q

In an ACL, where do specific rules go and where to generic rules go?

A

Specific = Top | Generic = Bottom

27
Q

What are five forms/types of firewalls?

A

Packet-filtering | Stateful | Proxy | Dynamic packet-filtering | Kernel proxy

28
Q

What are three advantages of Unified Threat Management (UTM)?

A

Reduced # of devices to learn/operate/maintain | Lower upfront costs & power consumption | Easier to install & configure

29
Q

What are three disadvantages of Unified Threat Management?

A

Single point of failure | Lacks detail provided by a specialized tool | Performance less efficient than single function devices

30
Q

What provides the mechanisms for workflow and process automation by controlling machinery using embedded devices?

A

Industrial Control System (ICS)

31
Q

What is a serial digital data communication protocol used in Operational Technology (OT) networks to link difference Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)?

A

Fieldbus

32
Q

What is a type of digital computer used in industrial settings that enables automation and assembly lines, autonomous field operations, robotics, and other applications?

A

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)

33
Q

What refers to something that can be a local control panel or software that runs on a computer?

A

Human-Machine Interface (HMI)

34
Q

What is a type of Industrial Control System (ICS) used to manage large scale mutli-site devices and equipment in a geographic region from a host computer?

A

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)

35
Q

What refers to computer systems designed to perform specific & dedicated functions, and are considered static environments where changes are infrequent?

A

Embedded Systems

36
Q

How often is every Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) patch?

A

Six months or two years

37
Q

What is a type of OS that prioritizes deterministic execution of operations that ensure consistent response for time-critical tasks?

A

Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)

CompTIA A+ Core 1 (13 decks)

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