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geography > human paper > Flashcards

human paper Flashcards

1
Q

when was treaty of westphalia

A

1648

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2
Q

percentage of South Sudan population which is Dinka vs nuer

A

dinka 36%
nuer 16%

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3
Q

kurdistan % that voted for independence and when

A

93% voted in favour of independence in 2017

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4
Q

kurdistan population

A

7.8 million

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5
Q

Basque region population
terrorist attacks

A

3.1 milliion
up until 2011

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6
Q

when was ken saro wiwa executed

A

1995

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7
Q

Nigeria oil figures

A

Africas leading oil producer
8th biggest oil exporter in the world
accounts for 8% of all US oil imports

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8
Q

when was Greece’s debt crisis

A

2015

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9
Q

what did Brexit benefit

A

vaccine rollout: uk had 40% vaccinated when EU only had 14%

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10
Q

negatives of brexit

A

14% fall in UK exports to EU in 2021
GDP grew 3.8% since referendum but EU’s has grown by 8.5%

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11
Q

when was Tuareg rebellion

A

2012

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12
Q

when was MINUSMA

A

2013

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13
Q

what % of Crimea is ethnically Russian
what % speak Russian as their native language

A

60%
50%

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14
Q

ukraine population ethnic split

A

17% russian
77% ukrainian

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15
Q

election political results in Ukraine 2004 and 2010

A

2004: Crimea and Donbass voted for yanukovych, Kiev voted pro-EU and all numbers were over 60% majorities except 3 regions
2010: Donbass and Crimea voted yanukovych, Kiev voted pro-EU

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16
Q

ukraine was part of USSR until when

A

1991

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17
Q

when did Russian parliament approve Putins request to use Russian forces across ukraine (esp in Crimea)

A

1st march 2014

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18
Q

ukraine demonstrations

A

2004 Orange Revolution
2013 euromaidan

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19
Q

ukraine evacuation stats

A

1.5m of 5m inhabitants of Lugansk and Donetsk regions are IDPs, having fled Crimea since April 2014
600,000 moved to neighbouring countries

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20
Q

ukraine deaths and injuries

A

7000 deaths
13900 injuries
298 shot down in a civilian aircraft in July 2014

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21
Q

when was India partition

A

1947

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22
Q

when was Indus water treaty

A

1960

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23
Q

indus water treaty division of water

A

indus and 2 W tributaries (80 MAF) to pakistan
3 E tributaries (33 MAF) to India

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24
Q

% of water inputs of the Indus River used for human usages in Kashmir?

A

60% therefore is vital

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25
Q

kishanganga dam impacts

A

leaves Pakistan with 27% less flow than natural

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26
Q

number of member states:
UN
NATO
EU

A

193
30
27

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27
Q

EU Nobel peace prize

A

2012

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28
Q

un security council

A

15
5 permanent members: France, China, USA, Russia and UK

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29
Q

examples of UN vetoes

A

Russia used 117 times
UK France Suez crisis 1956
UK France USA in Panama invasion by USA in 1989
Russia blocks intervention in Georgia Ukraine and Syria

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30
Q

when did South Sudan gain independence from Sudan

A

2011

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31
Q

number killed and displaced by South Sudan conflict

A

50,000 dead
2.3 million displaced

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32
Q

biggest interregional flows of migrants

A

5 million S to W Asia
3 million C to N America
10 million to Europe

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33
Q

biggest intraregional flows of migrants

A

4 million within sub-saharan africa
3 million within south and south-east Africa

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34
Q

USA and Tonga % of remittances for GDP

A

0.1% USA
38% Tonga

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35
Q

what % of spending in Opole region comes from remittances

A

25%

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36
Q

immigration contributes how much to UK economy

A

£25 billion

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37
Q

Malawi people per doctor

A

1 doctor per 40,000 people

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38
Q

migrant stock among ASEAN members

A

6.5m in 2015

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39
Q

S-S vs S-N flows of migrants

A

S-S: 36% of migrants (83m)
S-N: 35% of migrants (82m)

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40
Q

fraction of remittances sent along S-S flows

A

2/3

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41
Q

worlds 3rd largest bilateral flow of migrants

A

S-S
Bangladesh-India
3.3m migrants

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42
Q

e.g. of conflict increasing S-S flows

A

2.3m from Afghanistan to Pakistan

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43
Q

Burkina Faso and Ivory Coast stats

A

1m BF citizens in IC
250,000 IC citizens in BF

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44
Q

when was White Australia Policy

A

1970s

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45
Q

when was operation sovereign borders established

A

2013

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46
Q

number of Pakistanis working abroad
% in gulf
remittances value

A

7 million
96%
$11.5b in 2013 (5th in the world)

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47
Q

% of women migrants

A

> 50% in 2016 for first time
70% or 80% in some countries

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48
Q

greek women migrants 2016

A

doubled from 11% to 22%

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49
Q

% of migrants working in education and health in Middle East

A

2.6% education
3.6% health

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50
Q

number of refugees globally

A

15.7m in 2012
26m in 2019

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51
Q

% of refugees in global south

A

85%

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52
Q

syria civil war refugee stats

A

march 2011 began
6.6m IDPs
5.6m international refugees (900,000 to Lebanon(2015 visa required), 3.6m to turkey)

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53
Q

EU russia sanctions

A

2014 econ sanctions following Crimea annexation

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54
Q

UNMISS figures

A

2011 started
16000 troops
2000 police (large scale)
unsuccessful bc 2012 violence

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55
Q

PoC camps figures

A

2013: 6 PoC camps built for 220,000 IDPs

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56
Q

old South Sudan peace treaty dates

A

2015 one violated in 2016

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57
Q

new South Sudan peace treaty police numbers

A

50,000

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58
Q

GESS funded how much by UK gov
how many children educated

A

£100 million
500,000 children in 4000 schools

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59
Q

South Sudan famine figures

A

2017
over 7.1m people: half the country’s population- are facing extreme and deadly hunger

60
Q

mali independence from france

A

1960

61
Q

Tuareg insurgence dates

A

grew from 1990 onwards
2007: sped up fuelled by Libyan civil war and islamist groups supplying arms

62
Q

when did Tuareg gain control over azawad

A

2012

63
Q

growth in economy of Mali since end of conflict

A

GDP recovered to pre-conflict level of $495 in 2015
1ary/3ary sectors have grown by 6-7% since 2014

64
Q

when was Mali peace accord

A

2015

65
Q

life expectancy increase in Mali since 2015

A

55 to 57 years

66
Q

MINUSMA number of military

A

9000

67
Q

UN peacekeepers death toll in Mali

A

100 died since 2013

68
Q

French troops in Mali

A

5100

69
Q

world bank investment in Mali job training and education

A

$63 million

70
Q

access to health clinics in urban vs rural Mali

A

89% vs 48%

71
Q

emigration from Brazil to Portugal

A

140,000 in 2013

72
Q

emigration from Brazil to USA

A

370,000

73
Q

emigration from Brazil to Japan

A

370,000

74
Q

immigration from Portugal to Brazil

A

140,000

75
Q

immigration from Japan to Brazil

A

50,000
188,000 between 1908 and 1941

76
Q

immigration from Haiti to Brazil

A

135,000 immigrants in Brazil in 2020
increased from 1700 in 2010 to 11000 in 2013

77
Q

Brazil economic connections caused by migration: companies in brazil

A

> 450 Japanese companies in Brazil

78
Q

Brazil value of migrant remittances in 2020

A

$3.8b (0.25% of GDP)

79
Q

laos vs Thailand daily wages

A

3x higher in thailand

80
Q

laos migrants per 1000 of population

A

1.1 migrants per 1000 of population in 2014 (v high)

81
Q

laos emigration numbers

A

930,000 to thailand
200,000 to USA

82
Q

immigrants to Laos

A

10,000 from vietnam

83
Q

laos population structure

A

1/3 below 15 years old

84
Q

laos value of migrant remittances

A

$435m
8% of GDP

85
Q

laos % below poverty line

A

22%

86
Q

laos % employed in agriculture

A

73%

87
Q

laos human trafficking victims numbers

A

from 2001 to 2011, >1500 victims

88
Q

what % of USA immigrants are Mexicans

A

28%

89
Q

number of Mexicans migrating to USA in 2013

A

870,000

90
Q

green card visas per year
family reunification visas per year

A

140,000
480,000

91
Q

how many Mexicans in USA
how many Americans in Mexico

A

11.5m m in USA
1m USA in M
(2013)

92
Q

remittances from USA to Mexico

A

$22b in 2013 (2% of GDP)

93
Q

NAFTA trade deal led to two much reciprocal merchandise per day between USA and Mexico

A

$1.4b daily

94
Q

in 2013, what % of Mexicans in USA work in services, and what % in nat resources, construction and manufacturing

A

31% in services
25% in nat resources, construction an manufacturing

95
Q

stokes croft demographics figures

A

50% white (86% nat average)
influx of students and young profs over last 10 years

96
Q

stokes croft crime rate

A

11 crimes per 1000 people (2.5 nat avg)
2019 named as one of UKs most dangerous streets

97
Q

stokes croft house price

A

average £71000 (low compared to rest of Bristol)
75% flats

98
Q

PRSC campaign and riots

A

2008 to buy turbo island
2011 tesco riots

99
Q

Lansdown employment stats

A

main job sectors= professional (34% vs 17% nat avg) and managers/senior officials (19% vs 10% nat avg)
unemployment: 5% vs 8% nat avg
students 14% vs 7% nat avg

100
Q

lansdown ethnicities

A

93% white vs 86% nat avg
7.5% BAME vs 14% nat avg

101
Q

Lansdown average house price

A

£875000 semidetached or £1.3m detached vs BANES £300000
J Road 230k
Hamilton Road 2.1m

102
Q

use of Catalan language

A

37% claim it as their own language (esp in rural areas)

103
Q

catalan referendum?

A

71% of pop want a referendum
2017 illegal referendum held followed by general strikes

104
Q

census how often/ since when

A

every 10 years since 1801

105
Q

people per doctor in Malawi vs uk

A

1 in 40,000 vs 1 in 400

106
Q

uk vs malawi GDP per capita

A

$40000/capita UK
$400/capita malawi

107
Q

cost of beenfits/subsidies to uk gov

A

cost= 1/4 of tax spending

108
Q

how many firms at Bristol & Bath science park

A

> 50

109
Q

fraction of Italys villages at risk of depopulation

A

1/3

110
Q

stokes croft vs lansdown digital divide

A

33% vs 100% superfast broadband

111
Q

stokes croft vs Lansdown % with degrees

A

15% VS 53% (nat avg 27%)

112
Q

air pollution stokes croft vs lansdown

A

82nd percentile v high
medium in N vs sig in Julian road

113
Q

Lansdown crime rates

A

bath safest major city in country
lansdown rd= top 10% safest roads in UK
higher at J road

114
Q

Detroit population growth 1900 to 1950s

A

<500k to 1.8m

115
Q

Detroit car factory wages 1900-1950

A

double the wages than in any other industry
no qualifications needed, low-skilled

116
Q

Detroit ranked as biggest cities in USA

A

1900-1950: 4th biggest

117
Q

influx of African American pop to Detroit

A

5700 to 120,000 in 1930

118
Q

race riots Detroit

A

1967

119
Q

Detroit population collapse

A

1.8m to 700k (now 900k)

120
Q

Detroit murder capital?

A

600 people shot to death per year
murder capital of USA 1995

121
Q

Detroit poorest city USA

A

2005: half of pop below poverty line

122
Q

Detroit street lights

A

half of cities 85k streetlights out of service

123
Q

grosse pointe vs highland park détroit stats

A

avg income $160k vs $20k
pop 90% vs 10% white
(<3% unemployed GP)
HP highest % of abandoned plots in city

124
Q

abandoned buildings/ vacant lots Detroit

A

70,000 abandoned buildings
90,000 vacant lots

125
Q

London docklands investment

A

£3900m invested to generate £8000m private investment

126
Q

London docklands housing units and job

A

24000 extra housing units
80000 jobs

127
Q

Hulme Manchester % on benefits

A

60%

128
Q

Hulme Manchester mugging/murder

A

30 times more likely to be mugged/murdered here than UK avg

129
Q

new development affordable housing requirement

A

new developments must have at least 20% affordable housing (can still be unaffordable bc 60-80% of market value)

130
Q

24 hour city boost to London economy

A

£43bn

131
Q

stats on why Barca needed to rebrand

A

19th century industrialisation
2nd 1/2 of C19 Catalan resurgence
1963 Spanish civil war

132
Q

barca rebranding success stats

A

tourism worth 2% of city pre-olympic GDP, now 12.5%
airport handled 2.9m passengers 1991, now 42m
unemployment dropped from 128,000 1986 to 61,000 1992 (olympic infrastructure 220k jobs)

133
Q

stats on how Barca rebranding changed perceptions

A

5th most pop city destination in europe
tourist no.s increased from 1.7m in 1990 to 9m in 2017
branded as biz destination: no1 attractive European city for biz conferences, 8th most attractive for investors

134
Q

la raval stats

A

1995, 1700 residential/commercial properties demolished (£5m, 80% from EU) for pedestrianised space
2 flagship hotels

135
Q

gov/eu in barca rebranding stats

A

7 year plan from 1980
80% of £5m for la raval regeneration from EU
2014 European capital of innovation

136
Q

corporations in barca rebranding stat

A

2014 Barcelona Open Challenge

137
Q

private uni/hotels in barca rebranding stats

A

2 top biz schools in EU
2008 Barceló raval renovation

138
Q

unsuccessful barca rebranding stat

A

tourism= 2nd largest issue for residents

139
Q

sport strategy for rebranding egs

A

London E end 2012
Barcelona 1992 relaunched city
BUT Rio facilities shut post 2016
Qatar not seeing positives

140
Q

hull city of culture

A

2017
1.5m visited (over double usual numbers)

141
Q

bullet points for economic boom

A

strong economy so more taxes, spent on healthcare (NHS), schools, infrastructure so increased QoL. ALSO less demand for services during boom bc less people on benefits
economic growth: higher employment and wages so PME
small businesses more secure w more investment and innovation
SPATIAL VARIATION centred on core areas e.g. London. peripheral benefits less

142
Q

economic boom specific stats

A

1973 UK joined EU so businesses could export products w/o taxes, more earning
1997 new labour government so banks earned more and paid tax for more government spending
1997-2003: unemployment constantly below 1.5m reduced inequality

143
Q

economic bust bullet points

A

life expectancy drops, mortality increases as gov cut spending in NHS
unemployment/pay freezes so disposable income drops leading to a spiral of decline bc less spending inhibiting PME
graduates leaving uni post-recession face uncertainty getting job: socio-economic implications, unemployment and student fees lead to debt. impacts ability to get onto housing ladder causing generational inequalities
SPATIAL VARIATION

144
Q

economic bust specific stats

A

1974 Israel syria war oil crisis
1992 unemployment rose to over 10%
2001-3 £14bn diverted from spending on services to Afghanistan and Iraq wars
2008 property market fell 20% increasing inequality, young people has high levels of unemployment. in Europe and usaf extra 10000 suicides in this period
2011 2.7m unemployed in UK

145
Q
A

geography (10 decks)

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