MIL|WEEK 6

Question 1

Pertains to the technical and symbolic ingredients or codes and conventions that media and information professionals may select and use in an effort to communicate ideas, information and knowledge.

Answer 1

LANGUAGES

Question 2

Codes, conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures that indicate the meaning of media messages to an audience.
It is the way in which the media text is conveyed to the audience.

Answer 2

MEDIA LANGUAGES

Question 3

Types of Media Languages

Answer 3

Visual
Aural
Written
Verbal
Non-verbal

Question 4

MEDIA TEXT

Answer 4

It is utilized to depict any media item.
Examples:
TV programs, photos, adverts, film, radio programs, web pages, etc

Question 5

systems of signs, put together (usually in a sequence) to create meaning to communicate ideas and impressions for an audience, producers, & other stakeholders.
*Semiotics - study of signs and symbols

Answer 5

CODES

Question 6

study of signs and symbols

Answer 6

Semiotics

Question 7

Types Of Codes

Answer 7

Technical Codes
Symbolic Codes
Written Codes

Question 8

Focus on how media frames in visual media are presented. Are ways In which equipment is used to tell a story.
Example:
camera angle, lens choice, framing, shutter speed, depth of field, lighting & exposure, juxtaposition

Answer 8

TECHNICAL CODES

Question 9

Basic Camera Shots

Answer 9

Extreme Wide Shot
Wide Shot
Medium Shot
Medium Close-Up
Close-Up
Extreme Close-Up

Question 10

Advance Camera Shots

Answer 10

Two Shot
Cut Away
Over The Shoulder
Point Of View
Selective Focus
Arc Shot

Question 11

Camera Angles

Answer 11

Eye-Level
High Angle
Low Angle
Bird’s Eye View
Worm’s Eye View
Slanted (Canted)

Question 12

CAMERA MOVEMENTS

Answer 12

PAN
TILT
TRACKING SHOTS/ DOLLY
ZOOM
HANDHELD

Question 13

short for panorama.
The camera (moves horizontally) from left to right or vice versa across the picture.

Answer 13

PAN

Question 14

The camera tilts up (moves upwards) or tilts down (moves downwards) around a vertical line.

Answer 14

TILT

Question 15

Camera moves on tracks/wheels to give a smooth movement.
The camera follows along next to or behind a moving object or person.

Answer 15

TRACKING SHOTS/ DOLLY

Question 16

The change of focal length – closer or farther away.

Answer 16

ZOOM

Question 17

Gives the frame a shaky look; POV (Point of View) shot

Answer 17

HANDHELD

Question 18

Indicators that require inferences among the audience, delving into the connotative rather than the denotative.
Show what is beneath the surface of what we see.
Examples:
objects, setting, body language, clothing, color or actions of characters, or iconic symbols that are easily understood
examples:
A red rose may convey romance/ love
A clenched fist may convey anger
Red = stop
Green = Go
Yellow = Ready

Answer 18

SYMBOLIC CODES

Question 19

The way titles/headlines are presented.
Used of language style and textual layout (headlines, captions, speech bubbles, language styles, etc.)
examples:
headlines
captions
speech bubbles

Answer 19

WRITTEN CODES

Question 20

Refers to a standard or norm that acts as a rule governing behavior
Are generally established and accepted ways of doing something
Genre = ganra = They may include things like characters, situations, settings, propos, themes and events.

Answer 20

CONVENTION

Question 21

the information sent to a receiver from a source.

Answer 21

MESSAGE

Question 22

“Manipulation of information to influence public opinion” (Britannica Concise Encyclopedia)

Answer 22

PROPAGANDA AND PERSUASION

Question 23

They convey messages that are not properly defined as propaganda or persuasion.
These messages may influence behavior, especially the behavior of young people (Beatty, 2006).
Violent, sexual, and compulsive behaviors have been linked to media consumption and thus raise important questions about the effects of media on culture.

Answer 23

MEDIA AND BEHAVIOR

Question 24

On April 20, 1999, students Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold entered their Denver-area high school, Columbine High School, armed with semiautomatic weapons and explosives. Over the next few hours, the pair killed 12 classmates and one faculty member before committing suicide (Lamb, 2008). The tragedy and its aftermath captured national attention, and in the weeks following the Columbine High School shootings, politicians and pundits worked to assign blame. Their targets ranged from the makers of the first-person shooter video game Doom to the Hollywood studios responsible for The Matrix (Brook, 1999).

Answer 24

VIOLENCE AND THE MEDIA

Question 25

Sexual content—and its strong emotional message-can be prolific.
A recent study by researchers at the University of North Carolina found that young people with heavy exposure to sexually themed media are twice as likely to engage in early sexual behavior as young people with light exposure.
Although the study does not prove a conclusive link between sexual behavior and sexually oriented media, researchers concluded that media acted as an influential source of information about sex for these youth groups (Dohney, 2006).

Answer 25

SEX AND THE MEDIA

Question 26

the group of consumers for whom a media message was constructed as well as anyone else who is exposed to the message.

Answer 26

AUDIENCE

Question 27

Various Categories Of Media Audiences(4)

Answer 27

Elite Audience
Mass Audience
Specialized Audience
Interactive Audience

Question 28

Comprises highly educated people and their number in the society is relatively small.

Answer 28

ELITE AUDIENCE

Question 29

Represents the dominant majority in a society.
They are relatively average people.
Mass audience represents almost all segments of the society.

Answer 29

MASS AUDIENCE

Question 30

Refers to the special interest groups in the society.

Answer 30

SPECIALIZED AUDIENCE

Question 31

Consists of those who have control over the communication process in a society.
They may be newspapers journalists or Radio or TV broadcasters.

Answer 31

INTERACTIVE AUDIENCE

Question 32

A producer sets the situation for the production of a television show or movie
A film Producer initiates, coordinates, supervises and controls all aspects of a production, from fundraising and hiring key personnel, to arranging for distributors.
The Producer sees the project through to the end, from development to completion. Traditionally, the film Producer is considered the chief of staff while the director is in charge of the line.
This “staff and line” organization mirrors that of most large corporations and the military.
People engaged in the process of creating and putting together media content to make a finished media product.

Answer 32

PRODUCERS

Question 33

Libraries, archives, museums, internet and other relevant information providers.

Answer 33

STAKEHOLDERS

Question 34

OTHER STAKEHOLDERS

Answer 34

We the People! (media users, content co- creators, media watchers/critics, media consumers/market…)
Media Professionals: journalists, producers, photojournalists, editors, etc.
Media owners and managers
Advertisers (big and small)
The State (as guardian of public interest though law-making & regulation)
Remember: MEDIA is a plural word!