Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURS 252 (Pharmacology 2) > Cholinergic Drugs > Flashcards

Cholinergic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What are cholinergic drugs?

A

Drugs that stimulate the parasympathetic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of cholinergic receptors?

A

Nicotinic receptors
Muscarinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What’s the difference between nicotinic and muscarinic?

A

Nicotinic are located in the ganglia of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems
Muscarinic is located postsynaptically in the effector organs of the parasympathetic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the effector organs of the parasympathetic system?

A

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the MOA of direct acting cholinergic agonists?

A

They bind to cholinergic receptors and activate them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the MOA of Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists?

A

Inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which break down ACh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the 2 categories of Cholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Reversible: Short period of time
Irreversible: Bind for a long time and form a permanent covalent bond.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the drug effects of cholinergic drugs?

A

Increased gastric secretions, GI motility, urinary frequency
Constriction of pupils and reduced intraocular pressure
Increased salivation and sweating
Decreased HR and vasodilation
Bronchial constriction and narrowed airways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What can happen when high doses of cholinergics are administered?

A

They stimulate nicotinic receptors
At recommended doses, they should stimulate muscarinic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the indication of pilocarpine?

A

Glaucoma and intraocular pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is betachenol? (MOA, ID, forms)

A

Increases tone and motility of bladder and GI tract, relaxes sphincters in bladder and GI tract
ID: Postsurgical atony of bladder and GI tract
Forms: PO, SQ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is succinylcholine?

A

Neuromuscular blocker in general anesthesia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an example of an indirect-acting cholinergic drug thats used for diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis and what is it also used for?

A

Physostigmine
Reversal of neuromuscular blocking drugs
Reversal of anticholinergic poisoning
It causes skeletal muscle contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an example of an indirect-acting cholinergic drug thats used for treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimers?

A

Donezepil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the CIs of cholinergic drugs?

A

GI or GU tract obstruction
Bradycardia
Defects in cardiac impulse conduction
Hyperthyroidism
Epilepsy
Hypotension
COPD
Parkinson’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the adverse effects of cholinergic drugs?

A

A result of overstimulation of parasympathetic system
Convulsions, ataxia, Abdominal cramps, Bronchospasms, lacrimation, sweating, salivation, miosis

17
Q

What is SLUDGE?

A

Salivation
Lacrimation
Urinary retention
Diarrhea
GI cramps
Emesis

18
Q

What are the early signs of a cholinergic crisis?

A

Cramps, salivation, flushing of skin, N/V, Transient syncope, transient heart block, Dyspnea, and orthostatic hypo

19
Q

What is the drug of choice for early treatment of a cholinergic crisis?

A

Atrophine sulphate

20
Q

What is the drug of choice for severe treatment of a cholinergic crisis?

A

Epinephrine

21
Q

What are the possible interactions of cholinergics?

A

Anticholinergics, antihistamines, sympathomimetics

22
Q

What are the direct uses of Bethanechol?

A

Treatment of acute postop and postpartum nonobstructive urinary retention
Management of urinary retention associated with neurogenic atony of the bladder

23
Q

What are the two indirect-acting cholinergic drugs used to diagnose myasthenia gravis?

A

Pyridostigmine
Edriphonium

24
Q

What is Ginkgo? (ID, AE, IE)

A

ID: Prevention of memory loss, vertigo, tinnitus
AE: GI upset, headache, bleeding
IE: Aspirin, NSAIDs, Anticoagulants, anticonvulsants

25
Q

When do the therapeutic effects of anti-alzheimer’s drugs?

A

Up to 6 weeks

26
Q

In pts with urinary retention or hypotonic bladder, urination should occur within ________ of betachenol admin

A

60 minutes

NURS 252 (Pharmacology 2) (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions