Adrenergic-blocking drugs

Question 1

What are adrenergic blockers AKA

Answer 1

Adrenergic antagonists
Sympatholytics
a, b, a-b blockers

Question 2

What are the drug effects of a-blockers?

Answer 2

Arterial and venous dilation
Reducing PVR and BP
Effects on receptors on prostate gland gland and bladder decreases resistance to urinary outflow

Question 3

What are is the ID of a-blockers?

Answer 3

HTN
Relieving the effects of BPH
Raynaud’s diseases, acrocyanosis, and frostbite

Question 4

What is used to treat the extravasation of vasoconstricting drugs such as norepi, epi and dopamine?

Answer 4

Phentolamine

Question 5

What are the CV, CNS, GI and other AE of a-blockers?

Answer 5

CV: Palpitations, ortho hypo, tachycardia, edema, chest pain
CNS: Dizziness, headache, anxiety, depression, weakness, numbness and fatigue
GI: N/V, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain
Other: Incontinence, dry mouth, pharyngitis

Question 6

Name 2 a-blockers

Answer 6

Phentolamine
Tamsulosin

Question 7

What are the CI of phentolamine?

Answer 7

Hypersensitivity, MI and Coronary artery disease

Question 8

What is the tamsulosin? (ID, CI, AE)

Answer 8

ID: BPH
CI: Concurrent use of ED drugs
AE: Headaches, abnormal ejaculation, rhinitis

Question 9

Where are b2-receptors primarily located?

Answer 9

Primary located on the smooth muscles of the bronchioles and blood vessels

Question 10

What is the MOA of cardioselective b-blockers?

Answer 10

Reduce SNS stimulation of the heart
Decrease HR
Prolong SA node recovery
Slow conduction rate through the AV node
Decrease myocardial contractility, thus reducing myocardial oxygen demand

Question 11

What is the MOA of nonselective b-blockers?

Answer 11

Cause same effects on heart as cardioselective ones
Constrict bronchioles, resulting in narrowing of airways and SOB
Vasoconstriction of blood vessels

Question 12

What are the indications of b-receptor blockers?

Answer 12

Angina, MI, HTN: Decrease demand for myocardial o2
Cardioprotective: Inhibit stimulation from circulating catecholamines
Dysrhythmias
Glaucoma
Migraine Headache

Question 13

What are the AE of b-blocker ?

Answer 13

May interfere with normal responses to hypoglycemia (tremor, tachycardia, nervousness)
May mask s/s of hypoglycemia

Question 14

What is atenolol? (ID, Forms)

Answer 14

Prevention of future heart attacks
HTN, Angina
Management of thyrotoxicosis
Oral

Question 15

What is carvedilol? (ID)

Answer 15

HF, HTN, Angina

Question 16

What is esmolol? (ID, Forms, duration)

Answer 16

ID: Temporary control of the ventricular rate in pts with supraventricular tachydysrhythmias
IV
Very short acting

Question 17

Name 2 nonselective b-blockers

Answer 17

Labetalol
Propranolol

Question 18

Name 1 cardioselective b-blockers

Answer 18

Metoprolol

Question 19

In what situation can you hold medications administration of a b-blocker?

Answer 19

If the BP is 90/60 or 30mmHg lower than normal or if the pulse is less than 60 bpm

Question 20

What are possible drug interactions with adrenergic-blocking drugs?

Answer 20

Antacids
Antimuscarinics and anticholinergics
Diuretics and cardiovascular drugs
Neuromuscular blocking drugs
Oral hypoglycemic drugs

Question 21

Patients taking b-blocking should report weight gain of _____________ or ____________

Answer 21

> 1kg in 24 or hours
2.3kg in 1 week