demography-migration 3

Question 1

immigration

Answer 1

number of people enter uk

Question 2

emigration

Answer 2

number of people leave uk

Question 3

net migration

Answer 3

difference in immigration and emigration over time

Question 4

internal migration

Answer 4

movement within a country

Question 5

migration satistics

Answer 5

2011 census 14% of uk pop made up of ethnic minority groups compared to 6% in 1991.- inc migration sincee 1980.
in uk the net migration 330k 2014-15 . the foreign pop born in eng/Wales nearly doubled 1991>2011(since ww2)

Question 6

migration British nationalities act 1948

Answer 6

made easier for citizens British common wealth to settle in uk=wave mass img.
until 1981 emmoigraiton for uk>aus/america matched immigration into Britain. however mass imig outstripped emmig and net mig rose.
between 2004/7new countries joined eu/free mov and net migration arrived in uk contributed to rising in net migration

Question 7

net migration impacted structure of uk society

Answer 7

impact of low fertility rates on pop is outweighed by impact of net mig.
migrants dec the average age of the country as tend to be young+wokring age.
fertility rate of foreign born mother higher than mothers born in uk.

Question 8

net migration impacted structure of uk society
ao3

Answer 8

inc dependency ratio in short term, as children of mig will reach working age and dec the dependcy.
inc in net mig led to inc in multi culturuism in family/households

Question 9

reasons for inc migration
legislation / border control

Answer 9

some countries reduce border control and encourage high levels immigration.- skills shortage within economy eg aus point based system if need more teachers allocate more points to those with teaching bg.

Question 10

resons for inc emigration

Answer 10

up until 1980’s more emigrated to live elsewhere than come to settle in uk. usa/canada/aus/South Africa new z- reason in relation to economics eg American dream

Question 11

push factors

Answer 11

war/poverty/lack job opp/opressive gov

Question 12

pull factors (eneter a country)

Answer 12

generous welfare state/ed system/standards of lviing/job opp/weather

Question 13

impact of migration
-lowers age of average pop
directly +indirectly

Answer 13

directly:immigratns genrally young adults
indirectly:more lkley to have children
net migration is high- 47% of non eu citizens, 38% eu citizens, 14% returning British citizens
slight inc in uk brithrate+ 35% non eu mothers

Question 14

migration and polotoics
-politions take two approaches
ASSIMILATION + multiculturalism

Answer 14

idea immigrants should ‘become like’ national citizens and adopt norms/values and ways of life

Question 15

migration and polotoics
-politions take two approaches
assimilation problems

Answer 15

immigrants may feel inheritly wrong and unliked- may want to retain all or part of their cultural identity

Question 16

migration and polotoics
-politions take two approaches
assimilation problems CASTLES 2000

Answer 16

assimilation polciies are counter productive as marks minority groups and ‘backwards’= minorities responding emphasising the difference increasing host suspicion of them. ‘enemy within’ breeding further marginilation as have been move again multi cultism since 2001.

Question 17

migration and polotoics
-politions take two approaches
assimilation problems - divided working class

Answer 17

these ideas encourage workers to blame migrants for social problems eg unemplyment= racist scapegoating benefiting cpaitlsm and radically divide wc prevent united action

Question 18

migration and polotoics
-politions take two approaches
assimilation+MULTICULTURISM
(erisken)

Answer 18

idea immigrant should retain separate cultural diversity by allowing shallow cultural diversity, not deep diversity

Question 19

shallow diversity

Answer 19

aspects of culture than can co exist with native culture eg music and food

Question 20

deep diversity

Answer 20

aspects of culture when the native culture views as offensive

Question 21

eriksen-globalisation

Answer 21

globalisation created more diverse migration patterns -much more common for people to move in/out country rather than settling permatly =migrants less likely to see themselves as belonging to single country.
describes Chinese migrants in Rome found mandarin more useful in everyday life than Italian (important global connections with Chinese in other countries