22. An Easing Of Tension Flashcards

1
Q

What two main issues remained between the su and usa by late 1960s?

A

Vietnam and human rights

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2
Q

Give two ways circumstances in Vietnam made it difficult for the USA and su to cooperate

A
  • The still American presence in Vietnam concerned su and other communist countries especially China
  • by 1960s, the Vietnam war cost lives of 58,000 US soldiers and so American withdrawal was necessary as they clearly couldn’t win
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3
Q

Give 2 reasons suggesting why human rights was making hard for the SU and USA to cooperate by late 1960s

A
  • the su still denied its people civil rights and free speech and the west was aware of this
  • events in Hungary and Czechoslovakia were high profile examples of the su governments lack of respect for human rights
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4
Q

What was détente?

A

Was the relaxing of tension during the 1970s

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5
Q

give two examples nuclear technology encouraged détente and explain

A

-As the Cuban missile crisis showed neither side was willing to use nukes
-there was also a concern less stable countries could develop nukes
This meant cooperation could limit spread of nuclear technology

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6
Q

What alliance did the USA build that helped bring on détente?

A

The USA - China alliance as China was the world’s second communist power and its relation with the SU was deteriorating in the Sino Soviet split.

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7
Q

Give an example of the alliance between the USA and China

A

In February 1972, Richard Nixon became the first US president to visit China

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8
Q

Give examples where each side avoided wars and so encouraged detente

A

The Vietnam war showed nukes didn’t help win conventional war and instead talking made more sense in the future

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9
Q

State why the arms race ended making it an aspect of détente

A

Both countries spent billions of dollars fighting the Cold War and continuing the arms race would have bankrupted the SU

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10
Q

What were reasons of detente?

A

Nuclear technology, USA and China alliance, avoiding wars, ending the arms race due to economic issues

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11
Q

What was SALT? (Include a year)

Did it make the Cold War more or less likely to end?

A

In 1969, the Strategic Arms Limitations Talks began between the USSR and the USA. They were the most serious arms race talks ever taken place

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12
Q

How did president Nixon effect the likely hood of the Cold War?

A

When he agreed to let China join the UN in 1971 and later visited Beijing in February 1972

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13
Q

What was the USA trading and to who was making the Cold War more likely to end?

A

In 1972, it was selling its extra wheat cheaply to the Soviet Union

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14
Q

What agreement showed the Cold War was likely to end?

A

SALT

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15
Q

What did the USA and SU discuss in SALT?

A

Banning new ballistic missiles

Reducing the no. Of anti ballistic missile defence systems that could be built

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16
Q

How did the space race signify better relations?

A

When the American astronauts and soviet cosmonauts met up and shook hands in space in July 1975

17
Q

What was the Helsinki agreement of 1975?

A
  • where the west recognised the frontiers of Eastern Europe
  • where all 35 countries that were signed up (including USA) agreed to improve human rights, particularly freedom of speech, religion and movement
18
Q

When was SALT II and what did it discuss and how was it not as helpful to ending the Cold War?

A

June 1979. It intended to limit the no. Of long range missiles, especially those with multiple war heads but it fell through