6. The Truman Doctorine And Marshall Plan Flashcards

1
Q

What was the Truman doctrine?

A

A policy to contain communism in Eastern Europe for as long as possible

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2
Q

What did Britain do in Greece and turkey?

A

Britain gave money to Greek and Turkish government under SU pressure to fight communism with 40,000 British troops there

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3
Q

When was the Truman doctrine put into place?

A

March 1947

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4
Q

Why did Britain need to fight communism in Greece?

A

As communists there started a guerrilla war against the government despite Stalin agreeing Britain could influence Greece

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5
Q

Why did Truman step into Greece and turkey and how?

A

Because Britain was a poor country so true man asked for $400 million to help instead

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6
Q

When did Britain pull out of turkey and Greece?

A

February 1947

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7
Q

What did Truman say in his speech for the Truman doctrine?

A
  • communism posed a serious threat to the USA and the rest of the world
  • the USA would support any country that was under threat of communism
  • the focus must be to ‘contain’ communism
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8
Q

What was the Marshall plan?

A

The European recovery plan that put the Truman doctrine into practice

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9
Q

What were the Marshall plan’s aims?

A
  • To aid economic recovery in Europe to stop people from turning to communism
  • to support containing communism in Eastern Europe
  • to create a market for American goods to build up the economy
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10
Q

How much was divided between the countries willing to accept Marshall aid?

A

$13.15 billion

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11
Q

Which country received the most Marshall aid?

A

The UK receiving $3.2b

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12
Q

Name some countries that received Marshall aid

A

Italy, west Germany, Greece, Austria, turkey, Denmark, Norway, France

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13
Q

What were the results of the Marshall plan?

A
  • Allowed recovery of Western Europe as economies and living standards could now rise
  • shown the USAs commitments in the long term
  • firmly established the divide between east and west as countries behind the iron curtain where forbidden to accept Marshall aid
  • made communism in the west less popular
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14
Q

Who was Tito?

A

The leader of Yugoslavia who before 1948 was highly regarded by Stalin

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15
Q

Why was there tension between Tito and Stalin?

A

As Tito didn’t understand why he should follow Stalin like other countries in the communist block

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16
Q

Why did Yugoslavia get Marshall aid?

A

As Stalin threw Yugoslavia out of COMINFORM, enforced economic sactions and forbade other countries from trading with Yugoslavia

17
Q

How did the west help Yugoslavia?

A

As Britain established a £30 million trade deal in December 1948 and the USA offered Marshall aid which they gratefully took

18
Q

When did the Marshall plan end ?

A

December 1951

19
Q

What happened to countries that benefited from Marshall aid?

A

Their gdp increased by 20%

20
Q

Give 3 reasons suggesting the Marshall plan was motivated by strategy and state if its economic or political

A
  • the Marshall plan aimed to control the spread of communism (political)
  • Western Europe could become a strong ally to the us against the su by helping it recover (political)
  • the quicker Europe recovered, the quicker it could become a strong trading partner (economic)