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Module 2 > IV Cannulation > Flashcards

IV Cannulation Flashcards

1
Q

Start with ___________ veins and work _____________

A

Distal (low), proximally

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2
Q

Antecubital is the

A

Last option!

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3
Q

Considerations for selecting a vein

A

Condition of the veins?
Reason for the IV?
What solutions or meds will be used?

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4
Q

Vein evaluation

A

PALPATE!!

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5
Q

Suitable veins should be

A

Round, firm, & elastic
Best palpated when engorged

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6
Q

Methods of administration

A

Intermittent
Continuous
Bolus
Push

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7
Q

Intermittent

A

Medications on schedule dose daily or several times per day

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8
Q

Continuous

A

IV solutions continuously

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9
Q

Bolus

A

Specified amount of solution to be administered in a specific time frame through IV pump or syringe — often quickly administered

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10
Q

Push

A

Specified amount of medication to be administered in a specific time frame through IV syringe only

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11
Q

IVs that are being used intermittently are commonly referred to as an

A

I N T

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12
Q

Continuous can be used for

A

Hydration, electrolyte replacement, or both

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13
Q

IV medication advantages

A

Direct access to circulatory system —> instant action
Instant drug action and drug termination
Rapid treatment
Better control of rate
Great for those with GI tract limitations
Good for meds that irritate gastric mucosa

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14
Q

IV medication disadvantages

A

Reconstitution errors
Venous spasm
Drug incompatibilities
Impaired drug absorption
Speed shock
Chemical phlebitis
Extravasation of vesicants
Air embolism

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15
Q

Air embolism

A

Air enters central veins

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16
Q

Air embolism causes

A

Solution runs dry
Air in tubing
Loose connections
Improper removal of CVAD
Poor technique with dressing or tubing changes

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17
Q

Air embolism signs and symptoms

A

Dyspnea
Tachypnea
Lightheadedness
Palpitations
Drop in BP
Weakness
Cyanosis
Expiratory wheezes

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18
Q

Air embolism intervention

A

Call for help
Position pt in trendelenburg on left side
Administer oxygen
Monitor vital signs
Have emergency equipment ready

19
Q

Complications of IV therapy

A

Fluid overload
Infection
Phlebitis
Infiltration
Extravasation

20
Q

Fluid overload

A

Too much fluid overloads the circulatory system

21
Q

Phlebitis

A

Irritation to vein
Mechanical or chemical

22
Q

Infiltration

A

Fluid seeps into tissue

23
Q

Extravasation

A

Infiltration of any caustic medication into tissue

24
Q

Chemical phlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein associated with chemical irritation

25
Q

Chemical phlebitis causes

A

Too rapid infusion
Presence of particulate matter in solution
Improper dilution or reconstitution when preparing meds
Administration of irritating meds

26
Q

Chemical phlebitis prevention

A

Use an in-line filter for meds that do not reconstitute completely
Increase volume of dilution
CVAD or larger peripheral veins for IV site
Slow the rate of infusion
Restart any questionable IVS

27
Q

Infiltration signs and symptoms

A

Does not irritate the tissue
Pain or burning at IV site
Skin tightness at site
Blanching and coolness of skin
Dependent edema

28
Q

Infiltration

A

Fluid leak into tissue around the vein

29
Q

Infiltration interventions

A

STOP infusion
Remove IV line
Place a new IV line
Continue to monitor infiltrated site

30
Q

Extravasation

A

Infiltration of a vesicant drug

31
Q

What is the safest for administration of vesicant drugs?

A

CVADs

32
Q

Extravasation signs and symptoms

A

Pain or burning at IV site
Skin tightness at site
Blanching and coolness of skin
Dependent edema

33
Q

Extravasation prevention

A

Dilute meds as recommended
Avoid use of high-pressure pumps
Assess and monitor IV site
Teach pt what to report

34
Q

Venous spasm

A

Sudden, brief, tightening of muscle cells inside the vein

35
Q

Venous spasm causes

A

Viscous solutions
Too rapid administration
Cold or irritating solutions

36
Q

Venous spasm symptoms

A

Sharp pain at the IV site
Pain radiating up the arm with the IV site

37
Q

Venous spasm prevention techniques

A

Dilute meds as recommended
Admin solutions and meds at room temp
Admin at recommended rate
Restart questionable IVs
Consider a warm compress during infusion

38
Q

IV push admin

A

Follow 7 rights
Verify pt and allergy status
Scan armband
Scan med vial
Hand hygiene and don clean gloves
Remove cap from IV lumen

39
Q

Remove alcohol permeated cap from IV lumen and clean needle less connector access with alcohol pad for how long?

A

15 seconds

40
Q

Use the __________ __________ included with the tubing delivery system to control the rate of admin

A

Roller clamp

41
Q

14g or 16g

A

Great for trauma or surgery when needing rapid infusions

42
Q

18g

A

Good for pts going into surgery, receiving blood or caustic meds

43
Q

20g or 22g

A

Most common size for adult patients

44
Q

24g

A

Most common for pediatric pts, can use for adults with small or fragile veins

Module 2 (15 decks)

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