POM 12 & 13 - HIV mini symposium Flashcards

1
Q

what cell(s) are responsible for inflammation and phagocytosis

A

neutrophils

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2
Q

what cell(s) are responsible for antibody specific cytotoxicity

A

CD8 T lymphocytes

K lymphocytes (antibody dependent)

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3
Q

what cell(s) are responsible for antibody production

A

B lymphocytes

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4
Q

what cell(s) are responsible for non-antigen specific cytotoxicity

A

natural killer cells

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5
Q

what cell(s) are responsible for cytokine-mediated immune regulation

A

CD4 T lymphocytes

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6
Q

what is seroconversion

A

when your immune system fights HIV at first

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7
Q

what are the 2 ways that people can get HIV

A

children born with HIV

acquired immune illness

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8
Q

what is the difference between HIV and AIDS

A

HIV is the virus

AIDS is the description of the illness

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9
Q

what is the structure of the HIV virus

A

RNA

has glycoprotein 120 (trimers of protein) spike protein

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10
Q

what does HIV virus bind to - cell type and where specifically on that cell

what part of HIV binds to the cell

A

GP120 binds to CD4 receptors as primary target of HIV is helper T cells

specifically binds to the ccr5 or cxcr4 portion on the surface of young developing helper T cells

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11
Q

once HIV binds to the CD4 T helper cells a conformational change brings about what effect

A

allowing virus envelope to fuse with lymphocyte so that virus capsid and RNA can enter the cell after binding

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12
Q

what happens once HIV virus capsid and RNA enters the lymphocyte

A

capsid is digested which releases the virus RNA and reverse transcriptase

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13
Q

what does reverse transcriptase do in the lymphocyte after HIV infection

A

makes a DNA copy of the virus RNA

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14
Q

what happens after HIV virus RNA is coped in to DNA form by reverse transcriptase

A

viral DNA is removed from RNA by RNAseH and enters the nucleus

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15
Q

what does integrase do in the process of HIV infection

A

it opens the host NA and integrates viral DNA into the host genome and chromosomes

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16
Q

what happens once the HIV viral DNA is integrated with the host genome and chromosomes

A

viral DNA in nucleus transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins

17
Q

what are 3 examples of the viral proteins that are produced from viral HIV RNA translation inside the host cells

A

gp120
capsid
reverse transcriptase

18
Q

why do T cells die once the viral HIV DNA in nucleus is transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins

A

the T cells are destroyed by budding virus or by adaptive immune response

19
Q

what happens after the HIV virus assembles and buds off the T cell

A

protease trims and organizes other enzymes such as reverse transcriptase to go on and infect other cells

ensures HIV particles are mature and fully functional

20
Q

what are the 2 outcomes of HIV infection and replication

A

depletion of helper T cells

and

immune system activation

21
Q

what are the targets of the enfuvirtide anti-retroviral drug - ie what part of HIV infection does it stop

A

fusion of HIV particle with T cells

22
Q

what are the targets of the tenofovir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

A

reverse transcriptase

23
Q

what are the targets of the raltegravir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

A

integrase

24
Q

what are the targets of the atazanavir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

A

protease