POM 12 & 13 - HIV mini symposium

Question 1

what cell(s) are responsible for inflammation and phagocytosis

Answer 1

neutrophils

Question 2

what cell(s) are responsible for antibody specific cytotoxicity

Answer 2

CD8 T lymphocytes

K lymphocytes (antibody dependent)

Question 3

what cell(s) are responsible for antibody production

Answer 3

B lymphocytes

Question 4

what cell(s) are responsible for non-antigen specific cytotoxicity

Answer 4

natural killer cells

Question 5

what cell(s) are responsible for cytokine-mediated immune regulation

Answer 5

CD4 T lymphocytes

Question 6

what is seroconversion

Answer 6

when your immune system fights HIV at first

Question 7

what are the 2 ways that people can get HIV

Answer 7

children born with HIV

acquired immune illness

Question 8

what is the difference between HIV and AIDS

Answer 8

HIV is the virus

AIDS is the description of the illness

Question 9

what is the structure of the HIV virus

Answer 9

RNA

has glycoprotein 120 (trimers of protein) spike protein

Question 10

what does HIV virus bind to - cell type and where specifically on that cell

what part of HIV binds to the cell

Answer 10

GP120 binds to CD4 receptors as primary target of HIV is helper T cells

specifically binds to the ccr5 or cxcr4 portion on the surface of young developing helper T cells

Question 11

once HIV binds to the CD4 T helper cells a conformational change brings about what effect

Answer 11

allowing virus envelope to fuse with lymphocyte so that virus capsid and RNA can enter the cell after binding

Question 12

what happens once HIV virus capsid and RNA enters the lymphocyte

Answer 12

capsid is digested which releases the virus RNA and reverse transcriptase

Question 13

what does reverse transcriptase do in the lymphocyte after HIV infection

Answer 13

makes a DNA copy of the virus RNA

Question 14

what happens after HIV virus RNA is coped in to DNA form by reverse transcriptase

Answer 14

viral DNA is removed from RNA by RNAseH and enters the nucleus

Question 15

what does integrase do in the process of HIV infection

Answer 15

it opens the host NA and integrates viral DNA into the host genome and chromosomes

Question 16

what happens once the HIV viral DNA is integrated with the host genome and chromosomes

Answer 16

viral DNA in nucleus transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins

Question 17

what are 3 examples of the viral proteins that are produced from viral HIV RNA translation inside the host cells

Answer 17

gp120
capsid
reverse transcriptase

Question 18

why do T cells die once the viral HIV DNA in nucleus is transcribed and viral RNA is translated into viral proteins

Answer 18

the T cells are destroyed by budding virus or by adaptive immune response

Question 19

what happens after the HIV virus assembles and buds off the T cell

Answer 19

protease trims and organizes other enzymes such as reverse transcriptase to go on and infect other cells

ensures HIV particles are mature and fully functional

Question 20

what are the 2 outcomes of HIV infection and replication

Answer 20

depletion of helper T cells

and

immune system activation

Question 21

what are the targets of the enfuvirtide anti-retroviral drug - ie what part of HIV infection does it stop

Answer 21

fusion of HIV particle with T cells

Question 22

what are the targets of the tenofovir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

Answer 22

reverse transcriptase

Question 23

what are the targets of the raltegravir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

Answer 23

integrase

Question 24

what are the targets of the atazanavir anti-retroviral drug - ie what enzyme involved in HIV infection does it stop

Answer 24

protease