Political Participation and Political culture Flashcards

1
Q

what does political participation mean?

A

refers to the many different ways that people take part in politics and government

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2
Q

what are different example ways of political participation?

A

voting, petitions, demonstrations, boycotts, assassinations, terrorism, etc.

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3
Q

what are three distinctive modes of political participation?

A
  1. conventional vs. unconventional
  2. legal vs. illegal
  3. lowkey vs. intensive
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4
Q

what is the main method of political participation and what are its characteristics/modes?

A

voting is the main method of political participation

it is conventional, legal and lowkey

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5
Q

what are the two main factors that can explain variations in electoral turnout levels?

A

institutional arrangements

competitiveness of elections

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6
Q

what are some factors that fall under institutional arrangements in voting?

A

-compulsory voting
-registration requirements
-different electoral systems

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7
Q

what are some factors that fall under competitiveness of elections in voting?

A

-policy differences between parties

-first or second order elections

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8
Q

what are two factors that can explain why there are downward trends in political participation?

A

-shift towards new unconventional forms of participation

-changes in political culture

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9
Q

what is meant by political culture?

A

a sum of individual values and norms regarding politics and political systems

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10
Q

what are two general problems within political culture?

A
  1. compactness or cohesion of culture
  2. mass vs. elite culture
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11
Q

what are the two main theories of the cultural explanations of political participation?

A

-Theory of interpersonal trust (social capital)

-Theory of post-materialism

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12
Q

what is meant by the theory of interpersonal trust?

A

political culture characterised by strong interpersonal trust is good for democratic performance and political participation

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13
Q

what is the importance of interpersonal trust?

A

-Generates diffuse support for democracy (political trust)

-Increases propensity for collective action (political participation)

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14
Q

what is meant by the theory of post-materialism?

A

there is a shift in mass attitudes in Western post-war societies from materialist values to post-materialist values

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15
Q

what is the importance of this change to post-materialism?

A

it explains the new forms of both political participation and electoral alignments

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