musculoskeletal diseases

Question 1

branch of medicine concerned with the prevention, diagnosis, care, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders

Answer 1

orthopedics

Question 2

The physician who specializes in the diagnoses and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders

Answer 2

orthopedist

Question 3

physician who specializes in treating joint disease

Answer 3

rheumatologist

Question 4

doctor that maintains that good health requires proper alignment of bones, muscles, ligaments, and nerves

Answer 4

doctor of osteopathy (DO)

Question 5

a break or crack in bones

Answer 5

fracture

Question 6

fracture that pierces through flesh

Answer 6

open fracture / compound fracture

Question 7

fracture that results from another disease

Answer 7

pathological fracture

Question 8

restoring bone to its normal position

Answer 8

reduction

Question 9

practitioner repairs the fracture without a surgical incision of the area by aligning the bone through manual manipulation or traction

Answer 9

closed reduction

Question 10

realignment of the two broken ends of the bone takes place under direct observation by exposing the fracture using surgery

Answer 10

open reduction

Question 11

screws, pins, wires, and nails, stabilize the bone to maintain alignment while healing takes place

Answer 11

internal fixation devices

Question 12

general term for many joint diseases

Answer 12

arthritis

Question 13

a systemic disease characterized by inflammatory changes in joints and their related structures, results in crippling deformities

Answer 13

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 14

flare ups

Answer 14

exacerbations

Question 15

degenerative joint disease (the most common form of arthritis)

Answer 15

osteoarthritis

Question 16

cracking sound with bones

Answer 16

crepitation

Question 17

new bone growth in osteoarthritis

Answer 17

bone spur

osteophyte

Question 18

bone spur at the ends of fingers

Answer 18

heberden nodes

Question 19

inherited disease that causes progressive weakness of skeletal muscle

Answer 19

muscular dystrophy

Question 20

cancer that arise directly from bone

Answer 20

primary bone cancer

Question 21

spread of cancer

Answer 21

metastasize

Question 22

cancer that is in another region of the body and spreads to bone

Answer 22

secondary bone cancer

Question 23

Malignancies that originate from bone, fat, muscle, cartilage, bone marrow, and cells of the lymphatic system

Answer 23

sarcomas

Question 24

cancer that develops in cartilage and generally affects the pelvis, upper legs, and shoulders

Answer 24

Fibrosarcoma

Question 25

cancer that develops from bone tissue and generally affects the knees, upper arms, and upper legs

Answer 25

osteosarcoma

Question 26

cancer that develops from primitive nerve cells in bone marrow. It usually affects the shaft of long bones but may occur in the pelvis or other bones of the arms or legs

Answer 26

ewing sarcoma

Question 27

Deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes

Answer 27

bunion

Question 28

Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

Answer 28

carpal tunned syndrome

Question 29

lameness, limping

Answer 29

claudication

Question 30

Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint

Answer 30

contracture

Question 31

Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction

Answer 31

crepitation

Question 32

Fluid-filled tumor that commonly develops along the tendons or joint of the wrists or hands but may also appear in the feet

Answer 32

ganglion cyst

Question 33

Joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in the joint space

Answer 33

gout

Question 34

Rupture of a vertebral disk’s center

Answer 34

herniated disk

Question 35

Loss of muscle tone or a diminished resistance to passive stretching

Answer 35

hypotonia

Question 36

Chronic, progressive disorder characterized by muscle weakness and droopiness, especially in the eyes, face, throat, and limbs

Answer 36

myasthenia gravis

Question 37

Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow and the soft tissue that surrounds the bone

Answer 37

osteomyelitis

Question 38

Loss of calcium and bone tissue, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured

Answer 38

osteoporosis

Question 39

Chronic inflammation of bones

Answer 39

paget disease

Question 40

Perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists

Answer 40

phantom limb

Question 41

Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency

Answer 41

rickets

Question 42

Any persistent, abnormal deviation of the vertebral column from its normal position that causes an abnormal spinal curvature

Answer 42

spinal curvatures

Question 43

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, either to the right or left

Answer 43

scoliosis

Question 44

Abnormal curvature of the upper portion of the spine

Answer 44

kyphosis

Question 45

Abnormal, inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine

Answer 45

lordosis

Question 46

Any slipping (subluxation) of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it

Answer 46

spondylolisthesis

Question 47

Degeneration of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae and related tissues

Answer 47

spondylosis

Question 48

Overstretching or tearing of ligaments (sprain) or muscle or tendon (strain)

Answer 48

sprain and strain

Question 49

Partial or incomplete dislocation of one or more vertebrae

Answer 49

subluxation

Question 50

Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side

Answer 50

talipes equinovarus