Unit 2

Question 1

What does the Universe contain?

Answer 1

Stars, Galaxies, gas, dust, matter and energy (Includes all space and time)

Question 2

How old is out Universe?

Answer 2

13.8

Question 3

What is distance in light years?

Answer 3

It is the distance traveled in one earth year = to 9 trillion km

Question 4

What is the doppler effect?

Answer 4

Waves closer together mean they are coming towards us (Red Waves), waves farther apart means they are moving farther away (Blue Waves)

Question 5

What is the first step in building a solar system?

Answer 5

collapse a nebula, gas is compressed within this, Gravity and static electricity pulls these molecules together

Question 6

What is the second step of building a solar system (Nebula)?

Answer 6

A star will begin to form in the middle from the material that is collapsing in on its self. the remaining dust surrounds the star

Question 7

What is the third step of building a solar system (Nebula)?

Answer 7

Build planets. Particles in the protoplanetary disk begun to cluster in fluffy clumps, these will turn into solid masses due to an increase of gravity. this will continue until its planet size.

Question 8

What is newtons first law?

Answer 8

Once an object is in motion it remains in motion

Question 9

What is newtons second law?

Answer 9

acceleration of an object depends on the mass and net force acting in the object

Question 10

What is Kepler’s first law?

Answer 10

The orbit of every planet is elliptical

Question 11

Kepler’s second law

Answer 11

A lien joining the planet an dsun sweeps out equal intervals of time (velocity is faster, closer to the sun)

Question 12

Difference between asteroids and Meteoroids?

Answer 12

Asteroids are larger than meteoroids (Meteoroids less than 1m), They are both the remnants of early planets that have broken apart

Question 13

What are comets?

Answer 13

Small bodies with elliptical orbits, similar to Jovian planets (May have helped seed earth with water)

Question 14

Terrestrial planets

Answer 14

Metal cores surrounded by rock (Earth)

Question 15

Jovian Planets

Answer 15

Gas giants, predominantly gass, usually hydrogen and helium. (Jupiter)

Question 16

Ice giants

Answer 16

consist of mainly water ice, methane ice, and ammonia core (Uranus)

Question 17

What system is earths crust?

Answer 17

an open system because energy and mass can be cycled through it via the rock

Question 18

How did the layers in earths crust form?

Answer 18

The denser materials such as metals sunk to the core because they were heavier than all the silicate materials/ This led to the core, mantle, crust

Question 19

What is earths tilt called?

Answer 19

Obliquity

Question 20

What are satellites?

Answer 20

They are planetary moons that orbits around a planet

Question 21

What does the moon do to the earth?

Answer 21

causes the ocean to bulge out on either side (in line with the moon) This causes high and low tides

Question 22

Spring tide?

Answer 22

when the moon and sun are in line causing the largest tidal variation

Question 23

Neap tide?

Answer 23

The moon and sun are at a right angle causing moderate tides

Question 24

how does the sun create energy?

Answer 24

Nuclear fission of hydrogen to form helium

Question 25

What is Obliquity (the tilt of the earth) do to the earth?

Answer 25

it is responsible for change in summer and winter which changes the length of the day