Theories of Religion

Question 1

What are the core ideas of functionalism on religion that Emille Durkheim developed ?

Answer 1

Religion is a social institution that maintains social order and cohesion

Sacred symbols and rituals reinforce social integration

Provided a collective conscience for society

Question 2

What example did Durkheim give to illustrate point of sacred symbols and rituals reinforcing social integration ?

Answer 2

Study of Totemism among Australian Aboriginal tribes

Question 3

What are the core ideas of Marxism on religion ?

Answer 3

Religion as an ideological tool used by the ruling class to maintain power and control over the proletariat

“Opium of the people”-Religion distracts the oppressed from their exploitation

Question 4

What did Marx argue about christianity ?

Answer 4

That it supported the status quo and justified inequality

Question 5

What are the core ideas of feminism and religion ?

Answer 5

Critiques traditional religious institutions as patriarchal and reinforcing gender inequality

Focuses on how religious constructs reinforce gender roles and stereotypes

Question 6

What example is given to illustrate the points feminists make on religion ?

Answer 6

Women in religion are typically excluded from leadership positions