Ideology

Question 1

What is the basic marxist theory on ideology ?

Answer 1

Society is split into the ruling class and the working class, the working class should overthrow capitalismthroigh a revolution and replace it with a classless communist society

Question 2

For the working class revolution to occur what must first be present ?

Answer 2

The WC must first become conscious of their true positions as being exploited they must develop class consciousness

Question 3

What does Gramsci say ?

Answer 3

He argues that the WC can develop ideas that challenge ruling class hegemony​

Workers have a dual consciousness of ruling class ideology that develop from their own direct experience of exploitation

Question 4

What is the Ideology of Nationalism ?

Answer 4

Nationalism claims:

Nations are distinctive communities

Every nation should be self governing ​

National loyalty and identity should come before all others

Question 5

Why is Nationalism a form of false class consciousness that helps to prevent the overthrow of capitalism ?

Answer 5

It divides the international working class

encourages workers to believe they have more in common with the capitalist of their own countries then the workers of others

Question 6

What do Functionalists say about nationalism ?

Answer 6

Nationalism is a secular civil religion that Integrates people into larger social and political units by making them feel part of something greater ​

Question 7

What are the two broad types of belief system or worldviews that Karl Mannheim distinguishes between ?

Answer 7

Ideological thought – keeping things as they are, reflects interests of privileged groups​

Utopian thought – justifies social change, reflects interest of underprivileged and offers vision of HOW society should be

Question 8

What is the solution to this conflict ?

Answer 8

A free-floating intelligentsia that:

are freed from representing interests of certain groups

They stand above all beliefs and idea systems to create one utopian total worldview ​

Question 9

How does feminism link to ideology ?

Answer 9

Feminists see gender inequality as the fundamental division in society

Question 10

What do religious belief’s and practices also do to women ?

Answer 10

They often define women as inferior