Page 3 Flashcards
Carl Jung
Carl Jung: Analytic Psychotherapy
Analytic Psychotherapy
created by Jung, emphasizes helping clients to achieve wholeness and self-realization, with the therapeutic goals of self-knowledge, reintegration and individuation
Alfred Adler
Individual Psychology, he stressed encouragement as key therapeutic approach
Empty-chair technique
intervention where an individual talks to an empty chair imagining a person with whom they have conflict and must seek to resolve it
Person-centered therapy
Rooted in humanistic philosophy, places emphasis on basic attitudes of a the therapist, maintains that the quality of the client therapist relationship is prime to determinant of the outcomes of therapy, assumes all have the capacity for self-direction without active intervention from the therapist, living an authentic relationship, the growth force with in the client is released
Client-centered therapy
Carl Rogers, referred to as Person Centered Therapy, assumes each person has a deep capacity for significant and positive growth when provided with the right environment and relationships. Goal: To help clients become fully functioning. 3 conditions: 1. congruence or geniuses 2. unconditional positive regard 3. Accurate empathy
Nondirective therapy
Developed by Carl Rogers, aims primarily toward fostering personality growth by helping individuals gain insight into and acceptance of their feelings, values, and behavior. Therapist role is to extend consistent, warm, “unconditional positive regard” toward clients. The pace, direction and termination of therapy are controlled by the client; the therapist acts as a facilitator. (Rogerian)
Actualizing tendency
a directional process striving toward realization, fulfillment, autonomy, self-determination, and perfection. This growth force within us provides us an internal source of healing but it does not imply a movement away from relationships, interdependence, connection or socialization.
Self-righting
Resilience, bouncing back. Rebounding from a deficit with a developmental advance when a positive change in an inhibiting external condition occurs. Usually referred to in child psychology. (Freudian)
Autonomy
one who gives himself their own law; determines moral responsibility, accountability of one’s actions, choices, mistakes, failures
Congruence
implies that therapists are real. Through authenticity the therapist serves as a model of a human being struggling toward greater realness. being congruent might necessitate the expression of anger, frustration, liking, attraction, concern, boredom and other feelings. Congruence exists on a continuum rather than on all or nothing basis/
Reflection
Mirroring of emotional communication. Understanding the self is not interpretation, but rather reflection. (Rogerian)
Gestalt psychotherapy
The person strives for wholeness and integration of thinking, feeling and behaving. Some key concepts include contact with self and others, contact boundaries, and awareness. The view is nondeterministic n that the person is viewed as having the capacity to recognize how earlier influences are related to present difficulties. As an experiential approach, it is grounded in the here and now and emphasizes awareness, personal choice, and responsibility.
Key Concepts: Emphasis is on the “what” and “how” of experiencing in the here and now to help clients accept all aspects of themselves. Other key concepts: Holism, figure-formation process, awareness, unfinished business and avoidance, contact, and energy. Goal: To assist clients in gaining awareness of moment-to-moment experiencing and to expand the capacity to make choices. To foster integration of the self. Therapeutic Relationship: Central importance is given to the I/Thou relationship and the quality of the therapist’s presence. The therapist’s attitudes and behavior count more than the techniques used. The therapist does not interpret for clients but assists them in developing the means to make their own interpretations. Clients identify and work on unfinished business from the past that interferes with current functioning. (Perls)
Gestalt Therapy lies on the basic principles of holism, field theory and figure formation. Main focus is on the present and focusing on the past can be a way to avoid coming to terms with the present.
Therapeutic relationship
Also called the helping alliance, the therapeutic alliance and the working alliance, refers to the relationship between a healthcare professional and a patient {someone acting in a helping role, and the person being helped). It is the means the professional hopes to engage with, so as to effect change in a patient. This relationship is central to the patient’s oriented approach to health care, and will display some of the skills that are developed by the practitioner to enhance the healing relationship with their patients.
Psychoanalytical: remains anonymous and clients develop projections
Adlerian therapy: the emphasis is on joint responsibility, on mutually determining goals, on mutual trust and respect and on equality
Existential: accurately grasping client’s being int the world to establish a personal and authentic encounter with them
Person-centered therapy: relationship is of most importance; qualities include genuineness, warmth
Gestalt: importance is given to the I/ thou relationship
Behavior Therapy: The therapist is active and directive and functions as a teacher or trainer
Cognitive Behavior: REBT: Relationship is a teacher/ student; highly directive CT: collaborative relational
Reality : main function is to form good relationship with client
Feminist: based on empowerment & egalitarianism
Post Modern: collaborative partnership, clients are viewed as experts on own life
Family Systems Therapy: Functions as a teacher, coach, model and consultant
Unconditional positive regard
Acceptance, warmth, prizing, or respect. It is a non-possessive deep and real caring for the client that is nonjudgmental and positive, allowing and accepting the client to have the feelings he or she is experiencing at the moment in the therapeutic relationship. It is the primary condition for therapeutic change to occur in the client. (Rogerian)
